黄药子对小鼠毒性的实验研究

目的：探讨黄药子对肝肾功能的影响及其病理改变。方法：确定小鼠对黄药子的最大耐受剂量（MTD）；并按1／4MTD、1／8MTD连续给药15，30，60d观察其生化指标变化及病理改变。结果：黄药子1／4MTD组、1／8MTD组小鼠ALT、肝脏指数等指标较对照组异常增高，与给药剂量和时间呈现一定的相关性，停药后给药组小鼠的肝脏指数和生化指标及病理改变均有不同程度的缓解。病理变化可见肝细胞混浊肿胀、坏死、炎细胞浸润等组织学改变。结论：黄药子主要损伤小鼠的肝脏和肾脏。其对肝脏的影响包括对肝脏细胞的直接损伤和破坏肝细胞代谢途径所导致的肝结构损害；对肾脏的损害主要是对肾小球和肾小管的直接细胞毒性和严重实质性肝损伤所导致的急性肾小管损伤。

Toxic Study of of Dioscorea Bulbifera L. on mice

Objective ： To discover the influences of Dioscorea bulbifera L. on liver and kidney as well as the pathological change. Method： Dioscorea bulbifera L, 1/4 MTD, 1/8 MTD were given to mice which lasted 15 days,30days,60 days, and biochemical indexes, anti-oxidation enzyme, and pathological changes were observed. Result： Dioscorea bulbifera L. could lead to the increase of ALT levels and liver indexes, both of which were related to the period and dosage. The pathological changes were discovered include loose- ness,tumidness, karyon dissolution, amalgamation, putrescence, confluent hepatic duct district inflammatory cells corrasion and small bile duct edema and hyperplasia. Conclusion： Dioscorea bulbifera L. causes damages mainly to livers and kidneys in mice. Influences on livers included directly damaging liver cells and liver structure. Damages to kidneys are mainly the direct cell toxication on glomerular and tubule and acute tubule impairment caused by severe material liver damage.