49株脑膜炎奈瑟菌体外抗菌药物敏感性检测

目的 了解2005-2006年中国脑膜奈瑟菌分离株(Neisseria meningitides,Nm)的抗菌药物敏感性变化趋势,为选择抗菌药物对流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)患者进行治疗提供参考.方法 采用肉汤稀释检测最低抑菌浓度(MICs)方法、药敏纸片扩散(K-)法和E-test试纸条检测方法对本实验室收集的49株(16株A群、33株C群)2005-2006年分离的患者Nm菌株进行体外抗菌药物敏感性检测.结果 16株A群Nm菌株对复方新诺明、四环素、左氧氟沙星、萘啶酸4种抗菌药物耐药,对环丙沙星耐药或中度敏感.33株C群Nm菌株对复方新诺明耐药,31株(93.9%)C群菌株对萘啶酸耐 药,20株(60.6%)C群菌株对左氧氟沙星耐药,17株(51.5%)C群菌株对环丙沙星耐药.分别发现对青霉素不敏感的4株A群和1株C群Nm菌株.结论 2005-2006年,中国的A群和C群Nm菌株对磺胺类药物和喹诺酮类药物普遍耐药,此两类药物不适合中国流脑的临床用药及人群预防性给药.K-药敏纸片和肉汤稀释MICs及E-test方法具有较高的一致性.

Drug susceptibility testing in vitro of 49 strains of Neisseria meningitides

Objective The study was conducted to evaluate the altering patterns of antibacterial drug sensitivity of isolates of Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) in China from 2005 to 2006 for the selection of antibacterial drugs on patients with epidemic meningitis. Methods The broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test (K-B) and E-test were employed to determine the in vitro antibacterial drug susceptibility of 49 strains (16 strains of Group A and 33 of Group C) of Nm isolated from patients from 2005 to 2006. Results A total of 16 strains of Group A Nm showed resistance to co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, levofloxacin and nalidixic acid, and resistance or moderate sensitivity to ciprofloxacin. 33 strains of Group C Nm were resistant to cotrimoxazole; 31 (93.9%) of Group C strains were resistant to nalidixic acid; 20(60.6%) of Group C strains were resistant to levofloxacin; 17(51.5%) Group C strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Four strains of Group A and one strain of Group C Nm were found not sensitive to penicillin. Conclusion General sulfa drugs and quinolone resistance was found in Group A and C Nm strains in China from 2005 to 2006. As a result, these drugs are not applicable for the clinical management or preventative administration of epidemic meningitis in China. Results from the KB test, broth dilution MICs and E-test have a high consistency in the study.