1518例下呼吸道感染患儿痰培养及药敏结果分析

目的了解儿童呼吸道感染的病原菌及耐药情况,为临床药物治疗提供参考。方法对我院2009年1-12月住院的1518例下呼吸道感染的患儿痰标本进行培养和药敏试验。结果 1518例痰标本检出致病菌1032株,阳性率为67.98%,检出最高菌株为大肠埃希菌370株(35.86%),其次为肺炎克雷伯菌361株(34.99%),真菌78株(7.56%),鲍氏不动杆菌35株(3.39%),肺炎链球菌36株(3.49%),金黄色葡萄球菌32株(3.10%),铜绿假单胞菌27株(2.62%),其他肠杆菌20株(1.94%)。耐药情况:大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高,分别为88.65%、89.20%。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G耐药率最高84.38%。肺炎链球菌对克林霉素的耐药率最高88.89%,铜绿假单胞菌对氨苄西林的耐药率最高92.59%。结论临床应重视病原菌检测及药敏试验,合理使用抗生素,预防细菌耐药性的增加。

Analysis on Sputum Culture and Medicine Sensitivity of 1,518 Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective To study the pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of children with lower respiratory tract in- fection （LRI）, and to provide the reference for clinical drug therapy. Methods All the sputum samples from 1,518 LRI inpatients in Hunan Provincial People＇s Hospital from January to December, 2009 were cultured for drug susceptibility tests. Results In 1,518 sputum samples, 1,032 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, with the positive rate of 67.98%. There were 370 strains of Escherichia coli （35.86%）, 361 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia （34.99%）, 78 strains of fungi （7.56 % ）, 35 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii （3.39 % ）, 36 strains of Streptococcus pneunumiae （3.49 % ）, 32 strains of Staphylococcus aureus（3.10% ）, 27 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa （ 2.62 % ）, and 20 strains of other Enterobacter species （1.94%）. Antimicrobial resistance testing showed that Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia had the most resistance to ampicillin, with respectively 88.65% and 89.20%. Staphylococcus aureus had the highest resistance rate to penicillin G （84.38%）. Streptococcus pneumoniae had the highest resistance rate to clindamycin （88.89%）. Pseudomonas aerug/nosa had the highest resistance rate to ampicillin （92.59%）. Conclusions It is necessary to paid attention to detection of pathogens and susceptibility test in clinical practice, and the clinicians should rationally use antibiotics to prevent the increase of bacterial resistance.