Surgical anatomy,radiological features,and molecular biology of the lumbar intervertebral discs |
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| Authors: | Malik Ghannam Fareed Jumah Shaden Mansour Amjad Samara Saja Alkhdour Muayad A. Alzuabi Loai Aker Nimer Adeeb Justin Massengale Rod J. Oskouian R. Shane Tubbs |
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| Affiliation: | 1. An‐Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine;2. Neuroscience Institute, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt;3. Department of Neurosurgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Massachusetts;4. Seattle Science Foundation, Seattle, Washington;5. Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George's University, Grenada |
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| Abstract: | The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a joint unique in structure and functions. Lying between adjacent vertebrae, it provides both the primary support and the elasticity required for the spine to move stably. Various aspects of the IVD have long been studied by researchers seeking a better understanding of its dynamics, aging, and subsequent disorders. In this article, we review the surgical anatomy, imaging modalities, and molecular biology of the lumbar IVD. Clin. Anat. 30:251–266, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
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| Keywords: | anatomy molecular biology embryology imaging intervertebral disc |
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