集落刺激因子的生物功能

正常人体中，只有骨髓中存在多能干细胞，它能产生血液循环中所有的成熟红细胞，中性粒细胞，嗜酸性粒细胞，嗜碱性粒细胞，单核细胞，淋巴细胞及血小板。这些成熟细胞的寿命较短，它们持续不断的更替有赖于多能干细胞的大量增殖。血细胞的产生受到复杂而严密的调控，保证健康状态的血细胞水平维持稳定，并在受到外伤或感染时能迅速变化。每个成年人每日大约更新１２００亿个粒细胞，若感染时，其产生数量最少增加十倍。 １９６６年， Ｂｒａｄｌｙ， Ｍｅｔａｃａｆｆ和Ｉｃｈｉｋａｗａ等建立了一种细胞培养系统，允许粒细胞和单核细胞的…

The biological function of colony stimulating factors

The haematopoietic growth factors are cytokines regulating proliferation and differentiation of haematopoietic progenitor cells and the function of mature blood cells. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF ), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) have been purified, colonied and produced on a large scale through recombinant DNA technology. On the basis of experiment results, the rationale for using CSFs has been conditions involving cytopenia in order to enhance marrow recovery after chemotherapy, CSFs shorten significantly the duration of neutropenia following chemotherapy, while the nadir usually remains unaffected, CSFs were developed with the idea of revolution cancer therapy by reducing side effects of cytotoxic agents and allowing on increment of cytotoxic does per time unit. Autologous and allogenic peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) infusion are being used with increasing frequency, after myoloablative chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and certain solid tumors. PBSC mobilization harvesting for transplant can be increased in several ways including use of chemotherapy, CSFs alone or in combination, or both. In contrast to ABMT PBSC are easily collected by leucapheresis without the need for anesthesia or surgery. A number of studies have demonstrated that several fOld increase in the number of hamatopoietic progenitors that can be collected by leukapheresis when CSFs are used to enhance mobilization of PBSCs. Additional data suggested that reinfusion of CSF-mobilized PBSCs after high-dose chemotherapy result in a more rapid neutrophil and platelet recovery, faster overall recovery and less clinical toxicity. Chemotherapy followed by CSFs administration is today one of the most efficient method of PBSC mobilization. Afler PBSC infusion, administration of combination of G-CSF and GM- CSF may shorten the duration of granulocytopenia by seveal days, but it has no influence on the duration of therombocytopenia. After ten years of clinical research there is no doubt that many hopes been fulfilled, but many questions remain unanswered. Giving in recommended dosages CSFs are relatively safe with limited toxicites. G-CSF is a particularly tolerated agent. This review aims at the biologic effect of CSFs and applications especially on chemotherapy.