运动参与儿童早期发育表观遗传调控的认识进展

在儿童早期发育过程中,表观遗传的动态编程一方面与婴幼儿时期的膳食平衡密切相关,同时也与儿童的身体运动紧密相连,它们共同影响了表观遗传修饰的上游代谢平衡,因此更完整地体现了儿童发育过程中遗传与体内环境的交互作用。为此,本文介绍了运动对机体表观遗传修饰的影响以及对下游功能基因的调控作用,重点强调了运动参与DNA甲基化、染色体组蛋白修饰和miRNA调控三个不同层面的表观遗传作用机制的文献进展。本文的介绍对儿童早期发育中的运动需求,尤其是儿童早期发育阶段的亲子运动提供了更为系统的表观遗传学依据。

Progress on the understanding the involvement of exercise in epigenetic regulation of early childhood development

During early childhood development,the dynamic programming of epigenetics is closely correlated with the dietary balance of infants and young children,but also closely related to children′s physical movement.Diet and physical movement jointly affect the upstream metabolic balance of epigenetic modification,which fully reflects the interaction between genetics and the internal environment during the development of children.To this end,this article introduces the effect of physical activities on the body′s epigenetic modification and even the regulation of downstream functional genes,with emphasis on the progress on epigenetics mechanism from three different levels:the participation of movement in DNA methylation,chromosomal histone modification and miRNA regulation,thereby providing a more systematic epigenetic basis for physical movement′s needs in early childhood development,especially for parent-child exercise in early childhood development.