经皮气管切开术在基层医院ICU的应用价值

目的 探讨经皮气管切开术(PDT)在基层医院重症监护病房(ICU)重症患者中应用的价值及前景.方法 对102例危重患者分别行PDT及传统气管切开术(0T)建立人工气道,其中55例患者行PDT作为观察组,47例患者采用传统OT作为对照组,比较两组患者手术时间、切口大小、术中及术后出血量、各种并发症发生率等.结果 观察组患者手术时间明显缩短,术中及术后出血量明显减少,手术相关并发症发生率也明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 PDT作为一种新的急救技术,具有微创、快速、安全、操作简便等诸多优势,适合于ICU的危重患者人工气道的建立,值得在基层医院ICU推广应用.

Application value of percutaneous tracheostomy in ICU of primary hospital

Objective To study the application value and prospect of percutaneous dilational tracheostomy（PDT） in intensive care unit（ICU） of primary hospitals.Methods 102 critical ill patients were performed PDT as the observation group（55 cases）and the traditional open tracheostomy（OT） as the control group（47 cases）,respectively.The opreration time,incision size,intraoperative and postoperative bleeding amounts and various complications were compared between the two groups.Results The operative time in the observation group was obviously shortened,the intraoperative and postoperative bleeding amount were significantly decreased,the incidence rate of operation related complication was apparently lower than that in the control group,difference showing statistical significance（P〈0.05）.Conclusion PDT as a new first aid technique has the superiorities of minimal invasion,rapidness,safety and smiple operating,and is suitable for the artificial airway establish of critical ill patients in ICU and worthy of being clinically promoted and applied in primary hospitals.