Drug-resistant tuberculosis in two children in Greece: Report of the first extensively drug-resistant case |
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Authors: | Aspasia Katragkou Charalampos Antachopoulos Elpis Hatziagorou Maria Sdougka Emmanuel Roilides John Tsanakas |
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Institution: | 1. 3rd Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece 2. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece 3. 3rd Department of Pediatrics, Hippokration Hospital, Konstantinoupoleos 49, 546 42, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Abstract: | Extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB) represents a serious and growing problem in both endemic and non-endemic countries. We describe a 2.5-year-old girl with XDR-pulmonary TB and an 18-month-old boy with pre-XDR-central nervous system TB. Patients received individualized treatment with second-line anti-TB agents based on genotypic and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing results. Both children achieved culture conversion 3 months and 1 month after treatment initiation, respectively. The child with XDR-pulmonary TB showed evidence of cure while treatment adverse events were managed without treatment interruption. The child with pre-XDR-central nervous system TB after 6-month hospitalization with multiple infectious complications had a dismal end due to hepatic insufficiency possibly related to anti-TB treatment. This is the first report of children with pre-XDR and XDR TB in Greece, emphasizing the public health dimensions and management complexity of XDR TB. |
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