胎儿生长受限模型大鼠子代空间学习记忆能力改变的研究

目的探讨胎儿生长受限(FGR)对子代空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法建造SD大鼠FGR模型,对子鼠分雌雄性别,分别于生后1月、2月及4月进行Morris水迷宫的定位航行实验及空间探索实验,检测FGR子代空间学习记忆能力的改变。结果1月龄、2月龄及4月龄各组(FGR组雌鼠、对照组雌鼠、FGR组雄鼠、对照组雄鼠)的潜伏期均随着训练次数的增加而缩短(P<0.05)。除4月龄雄鼠外,FGR其它各组平均潜伏期均比对照组长(P<0.05)。除4月龄的雄鼠外,FGR其它各组在水迷宫任务中更多地采取了非有效的随机式或边缘式解决策略,而较少地使用趋向式及直线式有效策略,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。各个年龄段雄鼠、雌鼠,FGR组站台停留时间明显少于对照组(P<0.05)。结论FGR子代大鼠的水迷宫测试成绩下降,提示孕期发生FGR对胚胎和胎儿脑的发育有所影响,并对出生后子代早期及远期空间学习记忆能力造成损害,这种损害因性别及年龄不同而有差异。

Impact of Fetal Growth Restriction on Spatial Learning and Memory Abilities of the Offspring of Rats

Objective To test the impact of fetal growth restriction(FGR)on the spatial learning and memory abilities of the offspring of rats.Methods FGR Model of Sprague-Dawley rats was constructed according to the method of passive smoking.The offspring of the rats were divided into male FGR group,male control group,female FGR group and female control group.Within each group,the rats were randomLy divided into three subgroups to be tested at 1,2,and 4 months of age,respectively(n=10 for each subgroup).Morris water maze task was performed to assess the spatial learning and memory abilities of the rats.Results The escape latencies to find the platform were shortened with increased training times for all of the rats.At the age of 1 and 2 months,both male and female rats in the FGR group spent more time in finding the platform than their counterparts in the control group(P<0.05).At the age of 4 months,significant prolonged latency was only found in the female rats.The rats in the FGR group,except the 4 months old male rats,were more likely to use non-effective strategies(random or marginal strategies)to find the platform than the efficient strategies(tendency or straight strategies).The rats in the FGR group stayed in the platform shorter than those in the control groups(P<0.05).Conclusion FGR can cause gender-and age-specific impairment of spatial learning and memory abilities to the offspring.