贵阳市婴幼儿哮喘患病率及流行病学特征

目的：调查贵阳市两城区3岁以上儿童哮喘及婴幼儿哮喘的患病率，方法：用随机抽样，回顾性询问填表法调查儿童哮喘的患病率及流行病学特征。结果：在贵阳市两城区2298名婴幼儿中共查出哮喘病人43例，婴幼儿哮喘患病率为1.87%，男孩患病率（2.39%)显著高于女孩患病率（1.29%)，好发于夏冬季节。首次发病原因和复发诱因主要为呼吸道感染，有明显的遗传倾向。结论：调查提示，贵阳市婴幼儿哮喘患病率较10年前贵州省儿童哮喘发病率有明显增高，小儿哮喘中绝大多数是在3岁以内发病，故对婴幼儿哮喘的防治是降低哮喘患病率的关键。

The Incidence and Epidemiology of Infant Asthma in Guiyang City

Objective:To conduct survey on the incidence of asthma in infants and children above 3 years old in the two urban districts of Guiyang.Methods:Random sampling and retrospective questionaire were used .Result: Of the 2298 infants surveyed in Guiyang,43 were found to have asthma.The infant incidence of asthema was 1 789% and the incidence was significantly higher in male subjects(2 39%)than in female subjects(1 29%).Children were more likely to develop asthma in summer and winter.The major cause of both the first attack and relapse was respiratory infection and genetic tendency was obvious.Conclusion: The survey results suggested that the infant incidence of asthma was obviously increased compared with that of 10 years ago in Guiyang City.Due to the fact that most patients develop asthma before 3, prevention is the key to reduce the incidence.