无症状性冠状动脉内膜病变与冠心病危险因素关系的探讨

目的探讨无症状性冠状动脉内膜病变的发生频率及其与高血压、糖尿病和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的关系。方法应用冠状动脉血管内视镜技术对2003-06—2004-09日本医科大学附属千叶北总病院收治的120例陈旧性心肌梗死和稳定型心绞痛患者的非罪犯血管进行观察其有无黄色斑块、斑块破裂和(或)血栓形成等内膜病变,分别探讨它们与高血压、糖尿病和LDL-C的关系。结果120例患者(155支)非罪犯血管内,观察到内膜病变者80例(66·67%),其中合并高血压和高LDL-C血症者明显高于非内膜病变组(P<0·005),合并糖尿病者也高于非内膜病变组(P<0·05);观察到黄色斑块者30例(25·00%),其中合并高LDL-C血症者明显高于非内膜病变组(P<0·005);观察到斑块破裂和(或)伴有血栓形成等复杂斑块者50例(41·66%),其中合并高血压者明显高于非内膜病变组(P<0·005),合并高胆固醇血症者也高于非内膜病变组(P<0·01)。结论糖尿病、高血压及高LDL-C血症等是无症状性粥样斑块形成、不稳定甚至破裂的基础,所以,对糖尿病、高血压及血脂积极控制和治疗对ACS的预防是极其重要的。

Study of the relationship between asymptomatic coronary endothelial lesions and coronary risk factors

Objective To study the occurrence of asymptomatic coronary artery endothelial lesions,and its relationship with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods From June 2003 to September 2004,120 patients with old myocardial infarction(OMI)and stable angina pectoris(SAP)were enrolled in this study.The angioscopy of non-culprit vessels was successfully performed to detect the endothelial lesions including yellow plaque,plaque rupture and/or thrombosis.Meanwhile,the relationships between coronary artery endothelial lesions and hypertension,diabetes mellitus(DM)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were examined.Results Detailed angioscopic findings were obtained in 80 of the 120 patients(66.67%)(in 155 non-culprit vessels).These lesions demonstrated a significantly higher occurrence in patients with hypertension,in patients with high level of LDL-C and in patients with DM than in patients without endothelial lesions(P<0.005,P<0.005,P<0.05 respectively).Yellow plaques were found in 30 of 120(25.00%),accompanied by higher occurrence in patients with high level of LDL-C than those without endothelial lesions.(P<0.005).Complex plaques including plaque rupture and/or thrombosis were found in 50 of 120(41.66%).Similarly,these complex plaques also demonstrated a higher incidence in patients with hypertension and in patients with high cholestrolemia than those without endothelial lesions(P<0.005,P<0.01 respectively).Conclusion DM,hypertension and high LDL-C responsible for the formation of asymptomatic atherosclerotic plaque and the unstableness even rupture of the plaque are.Therefore,it is really important for the prophylaxis of acute coronary syndrome(ACS)to control and treat DM,hypertension and blood lipids.