山东省不同改水降氟情况的儿童氟斑牙调查结果比较分析

目的了解山东省地方性氟中毒病情现状。方法在13个市采用整群分层随机抽样的方法选择调查点,水氟用氟离子电极法测定,儿童氟斑牙调查采用Dean氏法进行诊断。结果共调查31个县337个病村,水氟>1.00mg/L的病村占54.41%,8￣12岁儿童氟斑牙总患病率为41.39%,斑釉指数为0.95,缺损率为9.10%。在未改水的病村中,有69.77%的病村水氟>1.00mg/L(最大值为6.62mg/L),儿童氟斑牙患病率平均为41.84%,斑釉指数为0.97,缺损率为9.06%;在改水降氟工程运转基本正常的病村中,有37.04%的病村水氟>1.00mg/L(最大值为5.57mg/L),儿童氟斑牙患病率平均为33.29%,斑釉指数为0.73,缺损率为5.98%;在改水工程停用报废的病村中,有72.84%的病村水氟>1.00mg/L(最大值为8.32mg/L),儿童氟斑牙患病率平均为57.18%,斑釉指数为1.35,缺损率为15.02%。结论山东省地方性氟中毒病情仍然十分严重,须进一步落实防制措施和加强监测工作。

Comparative analysis on child dental fluorosis under different circumstances of water-improvement and defluoridation in Shandong Province

Objective To investigate the present prevalence of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province. Methods 13 regions were randomized as the investigative sites. The content of fluoride in drinking water was determined by F-ion selective electrode and dental fluorosis of children diagnosed by Dean method. Results The investigation covered 337 fluorosis villages of 31 counties belonging to 13 regions. The fluoride content exceeded 1.00 mg/L in 54.41% of the villages,the total rate of dental fluorosis of children aged 8 ~ 12 years was 41.39%,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.95 and the rate of dental damage was 9.10%. In the villages that had not improved water,69.77% had a fluoride content over 1.00 mg/L(max:6.62 mg/L),the rate of dental fluorosis was 41.84%,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.95 and the rate of dental damage was 9.06%. Among the villages where water-improvement and defluoridation projects worked normally,the villages with fluoride content over 1.00 mg/L accounted for 37.04%(max:5.57 mg/L),the rate of dental fluorosis was 33.29%,the index of dental fluorosis was 0.73 and the rate of dental damage was 5.98%. Among the villages where water-improvement and defluoridation projects had been abandoned,villages with fluoride content over 1.00 mg/L accounted for 72.84%(max:8.32 mg/L),the rate of dental fluorosis was 57.18%,the index of dental fluorosis was 1.35 and the rate of dental damage was 15.02%. Conclusions Endemic fluorosis is still quite serious in Shandong Province. Therefore, preventing and controlling measures for endemic fluorosis must be carried out and surveillance of endemic fluorosis must be strengthened.