精神分裂症和抑郁症患者认知功能的对照研究

目的 研究精神分裂症和抑郁症患者的认知功能.方法 采用韦氏成人智力量表、韦氏记忆量表和威斯康星卡片分类测验评估34例精神分裂症、35例抑郁症和37例正常对照的认知功能.结果 1.精神分裂症和抑郁症患者的智商、记忆和威斯康星卡片分类测验成绩均差于对照组.2.抑郁症患者与精神分裂症患者的完成分类数(4.09±1.27)个,(1.53±1.00)个]、错误应答数(39.17±17.89)个,(50.41±26.44)个]、持续错误百分数(20.86±11.29)%,(26.56±13.05)%]、随机错误百分数(14.40±7.81)%,(24.67±14.50)%]和概念化水平53.56±17.32)%,(31.30±16.21)%])差异有显著性.3.抑郁症患者和Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者在完成分类数(4.09±1.27)个,(1.50±0.16)个]、随机错误百分数(14.40±7.81)%,(27.87±16.39)%]和概念化水平(53.56±17.32)%,(23.89±14.88)%]方面差异有显著性.结论 精神分裂症和抑郁症患者认知功能损害广泛而全面,精神分裂症执行功能损害比抑郁症更严重,阴性症状可能与精神分裂症的执行功能损害有关.

The comparative study of cognitive function between schizophrenic and depressive patients

Objective To explore the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients and depressive patients. Methods Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were adopted to assess the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients(n =34),depressive patients(n =35) and normal cotrol(n =37). Results The intelligence, memory and WCST performance of schizophrenic and depressive patients were lower than that of the control group. All the WCST performances of schizophrenic group were worse than that of the depressive group Cc(4.09±1.27) vs (1.53±1.00)],Re(39.17±17.89) vs (50.41±26.44)],Rpe%(20.86±11.29)% vs (26.56±13.05)%],nRpe%(14.40±7.81)% vs (27.87±16.39)%],Rf%(53.56±17.32)% vs (23.89±14.88)%].The performance of the type Ⅱschizophrenic group were worse than that of the depressive group in correct classification (4.09±1.27) vs (1.53±1.00)], random errors percentage (14.40±7.81)% vs (27.87±16.39)%] and conceptual level (53.56±17.32)% vs (23.89±14.88)%]. Conclusion There was comprehensive impairment in the cognitive function of the schizophrenic and the depressed patients. The impairment of the executive function of the schizophrenic group was worse than that of the depressive group. Negative symptoms of schizophrenic patients are probably related to the impairment of executive function.