Effects of orthopedic insoles on postural balance in patients with chronic stroke: A randomized crossover study |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wang Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan;1. Department of Veteran’s Affairs, South Texas Veterans Health Care System Audie L. Murphy Medical Center, Research Department, San Antonio, TX, United States;2. University of the Incarnate Word, School of Physical Therapy, San Antonio, TX, United States;1. Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universitdade de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n., 36005, Pontevedra, Spain;2. SALBIS Research Group. Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing and Physical Therapy Department. Universidad de León, Astorga Ave. 15, 24401, Ponferrada, Spain;3. Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Campus a Xunqueira, s/n., 36005, Pontevedra, Spain;1. Center for Gait and Motion Analysis, Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare, St Paul, MN, United States;2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States;1. Faculty of Physical Therapy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand;2. School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, M6 6PU, United Kingdom;3. Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom;1. Department of Physical Therapy, High Point University, High Point, NC, USA;2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA;3. Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System, Aurora, CO, USA;4. Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA;1. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;2. Shimberg Center for Housing Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundOrthopedic insoles (OIs) with medial arch support and heel cushion are widely used to manage lower extremity injuries, but their effects on postural balance in patients with chronic stroke have not been adequately explored.MethodsDesign: Double-blinded, sham-controlled, randomized crossover trial. Participants: A total of 32 ambulatory patients (20 men and 12 women, aged between 30 and 76 years) with more than 6 months since stroke onset. Interventions: All participants received one assessment session wearing OIs and one session wearing sham insole (SI) in a random order with a 1-day interval. Outcomes: Our primary outcome was the Berg Balance Scale score. Secondary outcomes included the Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go test, and computerized posturography. All were performed in both sessions. Subgroup analyses regarding demographic and functional variables were conducted to identify potential responders.ResultsSignificant between-insole differences favoring OIs were seen in all clinical tests (P < 0.05), but were seen only in the static medial-lateral sway in computerized posturography assessment (P = 0.04). An approximate 2-point difference in the BBS score favoring OIs was observed in all subgroups, not reaching the minimal clinically important difference.ConclusionThe use of OIs generated small but significant positive effects on improving postural balance among patients with chronic stroke. Additional biomechanical and clinical studies are required to evaluate their potential for routine clinical use.Trial registrationNCT03194282 |
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| Keywords: | Stroke Insole Balance Posture Orthosis Shoe pad |
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