美沙酮维持治疗前后患者的认知调查及行为分析

目的调查汕头市美沙酮维持治疗患者的认知及行为情况,分析美沙酮维持治疗结合认知行为治疗和健康教育对患者认知行为的改善作用。方法对54例海洛因依赖接受美沙酮维持治疗患者给予美沙酮维持治疗、认知行为治疗和健康教育,于治疗前和半年后分别由患者和家属评估患者对毒品危害性和美沙酮维持治疗知识的认知程度及健康行为情况,对数据进行对比分析。结果患者对毒品危害性和对美沙酮维持治疗的认知率治疗前都较低,治疗半年后从48.1%～77.8%显著提高到88.9%～96.3%(P<0.05或P<0.01)。美沙酮维持治疗后患者的健康行为形成率从51.9%～66.7%显著提高到87.0%～98.1%(P<0.01)。患者自评和家属评价一致(P>0.05)。结论吸毒患者对毒品危害性认知和美沙酮维持治疗知识知晓率较低,美沙酮维持治疗结合认知行为治疗和健康教育有较好效果,能显著改善患者的认知和促进健康行为。

Investigation and Analysis of the Cognition and Behaviour of Heroin Dependent Patients Before and After Methadone Maintenance Treatment

Objective To investigate the cognition and behaviour of heroin dependent patients before and after methadone maintenance treatment in Shantou,and to analyze its improvement effects of the cognition and behavior combining with cognition-behaviour treatment and health education.Methods 54 heroin dependence patients were treated with methadone maintenance,cognition-behaviour and health education.The cognition on narcotics harmfulness and knowledges of methadone maintenance treatment,and healthy behaviour as well,were investigated by patients and their family members before and after treatment.The data were compared and ana-lyzed.Results Before treatment,the cognition rates on narcotics harmfulness and knowledges of methadone maintenance treatment were lower.After half-a-year treatment,the rates significantly raised from 48.1%~77.8% to 88.9%~96.3%(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The formation rates of healthy behaviour significantly raised from 51.9%~66.7% to 87.0%~98.1% after half-a-year treatment(P<0.01).The results showed no significant difference between the evaluations of patients and their family members(P>0.05).Conclusion Drug addict had lower cognition rates on narcotics harmfulness and knowledges of methadone maintenance treatment.Methadone maintenance treatment had better effects for significantly improving patients′ cognition and healthy behaviours combining with cognition-behaviour treatment and health education.