糖尿病下肢动脉闭塞发生部位及侧支血管形成的超声表现

目的回顾分析49例糖尿病（DM）下肢动脉闭塞的彩色多普勒超声（CDU）表现，总结其声像图特征。方法对49例下肢动脉闭塞的DM患者进行下肢动脉CDU常规检测。记录动脉闭塞的部位、范围和侧支动脉分布等声像图表现。结果49例DM患者下肢动脉中有99条动脉闭塞。主要分布于胫前和胫后动脉，其中73％分布在胫前动脉（72／99），18％在胫后动脉（18／99）。99条闭塞动脉中仅8oA发生在股一胭动脉（8／99），而92％发生在小腿动脉（91／99）。闭塞动脉的上游或下游均探及侧支动脉。结论DM患者下肢动脉闭塞主要累及小腿动脉，且有广泛的侧支血管形成。CDU能准确地检测出闭塞动脉和侧支血管的部位和范围。

Lower extremity arterial occlusive location and collateral artery formation in patients with diabetes: sonographic findings

Objective To review the color Doppler ultrasonography ( CDU) appearance in 49 cases of the lower extremity arterial occlusive disease in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) so as to summarize the sonogram characterization. Methods Forty-nine DM patients with lower extremity arterial occlusive disease were routinely detected by Logiq 700 ultrasound system with a 5-10 MHz linear transducer and occlusive location, extension, corresponding collateral arteries were all recorded. Results Ninety-nine arteries were occluded in 49 patients. Among these occlusive arteries, 73% and 18% were in anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery, respectively. Eight percent (8/99) of occlusive arteries were in the femoropopliteal arteries and 92% were in cuff arteries (91/99). Collateral arteries were detected in proximal and distal to the occlusive arteries in all cases. Conclusion Lower extremity arterial occlusion mainly occurred in the cuff arteries in patients with DM and extensive collateral circulation developed in proximal and distal to the occlusive segments. CUS is an important method of accurately documenting location and extension of occlusive and collateral arteries.