渭南地区自愿无偿献血人群抗-HIV ELISA检测结果分析

目的 为了解渭南地区无偿献血人群中HIV感染情况,进一步保障血液安全,降低输血风险,同时评价现行献血者HIV筛查策略的效果,对近几年渭南市中心血站自愿无偿献血人群HIV筛查进行了回顾性调查,并对阳性结果进行分析.方法 对2009年1月-2013年5月渭南地区158 998例无偿献血者ELISA抗HIV初筛阳性结果和确证结果进行统计分析,并比较不同试剂ELISA抗HIV初筛阳性结果与确证结果之间的关系.结果 158 998例无偿献血者检测标本中,确证阳性17例,确证阳性率1.07/万,且呈逐年增加趋势（χ^2=10.00,P＜0.05）;抗HIV初筛反应性共144例,其中国产和进口两种试剂初筛均有反应性23例,确证阳性16例,确证阳性率69.57％;北京万泰单试剂初筛有反应性82例,确证阳性0例,法国伯乐单试剂初筛有反应性39例,确证阳性1例,确证阳性率2.56％;144例初筛有反应性标本确证结果假阳性率逐年降低（χ^2=19.28,P＜0.01）.结论 自愿无偿献血人群确证阳性率呈逐年上升趋势;虽然两种不同厂家试剂能一定程度弥补单试剂检测的漏检现象;但ELISA抗HIV初筛呈反应性的结果仍有较高的假阳性,所以应进一步探索无偿献血管理模式,提高血液检测能力,保证血液质量安全.

Analysis of Anti-HIV ELISA Detection Results in Voluntary Non-remunerated Blood Donors in Weinan

Objective To improve the ability to provide scientific basis for blood tests,the test results of voluntary non remu nerated blood donors ant-HIV enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） were analyzed in Weinan Region of Shaanxi Province.Methods The results of 158 998 cases of blood donors anti HIV ELISA were analyzed form January 2009 to May 2013 in Weinan Region,and the two anti-HIV ELISA test kits were compared.Results There were anti HIV screening re activity 144 cases from 158 998 cases of blood donors test specimens,17 cases were confirmed positive （χ^2 =10.00,P〈 0.05）.Both two kinds of ELISA kits from different manufacturers,there were 23 cases of reactive screening test,and 16 ca ses were confirmed positive.There were 121 cases of single reagent reactive screening test,and 1 case was confirmed posi tive.Beijing Wantai：reactive screening 82 cases,confirmed positive for 0 case;French Bole reactive screening 39 cases,con firmed positive for 1 case （χ^2 =19.28,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Voluntary non remunerated blood donors confirmed positive rate was an increasing trend.Using two kinds of reagents from different manufacturers could compensate to some extent a result of undetected phenomenon by single reagent.Reactivity of ELISA anti-HIV screening had a high false positive re sults.Blood donation should be further strengthened management,and blood testing capabilities would be improved to ensure the quality and safety of blood.