MMP-25在早孕绒毛和蜕膜中的表达及意义的研究

目的研究基质金属蛋白酶-25 (matrix metalloproteinase-25，MMP-25)在正常早期妊娠和自然流产患者绒毛及蜕膜组织中的表达特点，探讨其在胚胎植入中的作用及其与自然流产的关系。方法采用半定量RT-PCR和免疫组化法检测60例正常早期妊娠和40例自然流产患者绒毛及蜕膜组织中MMP-25mRNA及蛋白的表达。结果① MMP-25mRNA在正常早期妊娠的绒毛及蜕膜组织中均有表达，且绒毛组织中MMP-25mRNA表达水平随妊娠周数的增加逐渐上升，各孕周组间相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。自然流产组绒毛及蜕膜组织中MMP-25mRNA的表达明显低于正常妊娠组(P＜0.05)。② 正常妊娠组的绒毛组织中，MMP-25主要定位于细胞滋养细胞和合体滋养细胞，并且随妊娠周数增加表达逐渐增强，与RT-PCR结果吻合；自然流产组仅在合体滋养细胞中有表达，两组平均光密度分别为0.21±0.02和0.13±0.04，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。蜕膜组织中MMP-25主要在腺上皮细胞表达，自然流产组的表达微弱，两组平均光密度分别为0.25±0.13和0.21±0.12，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论MMP-25表达变化与滋养细胞浸润能力相吻合，且蜕膜组织中呈阳性表达，推测其参与胚胎植入及胎盘形成过程中滋养细胞浸润活性调控及子宫内膜组织重构；自然流产患者MMP-25表达水平降低，造成滋养细胞浸润能力下降，可能与自然流产的发生有关。

Expression of MMP-25 in the villi and decidua of early pregnancy

To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-25(MMP-25) in the villi and decidua of normal early pregnant and spontaneous abortion women and to find the possible function of MMP 25 in embry implantation and its relationship with spontaneous abortion. Methods Semi-quantitative RT PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the expression and distribution of MMP-25 mRNA and protein in villi and decidua of normal early pregnant and spontaneous abortion women. Results① MMP-25 mRNA expressed in villi and decidua of the normal early pregnancy group and increased with the raise of pregnancy weeks in each group, also it was significantly increased compared with the abortion group, and the differences among each week and between the pregnancy group and the abortion group were significant (both P＜0.05). ② In villous tissues, MMP-25 expressed in the cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts and increased with the increase of pregnancy week in the normal early pregnancy group, however it only expressed in the syncytiotrophoblasts in the abortion group, and the mean ODs of the two groups were 0.21±0.02 and 0.13±0.04(P＜0.05)． In deciduous tissues, MMP-25 mainly expressed in the glandular epithelium cells in the normal early pregnancy group and was very weak in the abortion group, and the mean ODs of the two groups were 0.25±0.13 and 0.21±0.12(P＜0.05). Conclusion MMP-25 may play an important role in the embryo implantation and placentation. The decrease of MMP-25 may relate to spontaneous abortion.