彝汉族混居地区50例儿童过敏性紫癜临床分析

目的分析西昌汉族和彝族混居区,儿童过敏性紫癜的临床特点,提高该地区本病的临床诊断水平。方法回顾性分析2011年1月~2012年6月四川省西昌市人民医院儿科收治的50例过敏性紫癜患儿的临床资料,按不同族群进行对比分析,包括其性别、年龄、发病诱因、临床表现、辅助检查等,统计分析用SPSS13.0软件进行。结果 （1）在50例患者中,汉族30例,彝族20例,发病高峰年龄及男女比例差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。（2）彝族患儿从发病到诊断平均时间明显长于汉族患儿,但住院症状改善和总住院时间无明显差异。（3）彝族患儿临床表现以合并多脏器受累型为主,汉族患者则以单纯型、合并腹型、合并多脏器受累型为主;汉族和彝族患儿发病类型差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。（4）彝族患者血白细胞数、血小板、尿便分析和汉族患儿差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而心肌酶异常显著高于汉族儿童（P〈0.05）。结论该地区汉族和彝族过敏性紫癜的发病年龄、性别、诱因等基本一致,但在发病到就诊时间、临床表现、辅助检查等仍有差异,需要提高警惕、加强认识,更进一步提高该地区儿童的健康水平。

Clinlical analysis of 50 cases of children with Henoch-Schnlein purpura from the mixed population of Han race and Yi race

Objective To analyze the clinical features of pediatric Henoch-Schnlein purpura cases from Xichang city, where is a mixed region of Han race and Yi race. Methods Fifty cases of Henoch-Schnlein purpura children’s clinical datas admitted from January 2011 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, including their gender, age, precipitating factor, clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations. All data were analyzed by the software SPSS 13.0. Results (1)Among 50 patients, Han race were 30 cases, Yi race were 20 cases, the peak age of onset and male to female ratio was not significantly different (P > 0.05). (2)The average time from the onset to diagnosis of the Yi race children was significantly longer than that of the Han race, but the symptom improvement and hospital time were nearly the same. (3)Multiple organs affected was more common in Yi rase than Han race. Han race patients were more prone to simple type and combined abdominal, besides of multiple organs affected. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). (4)Abnormalities of laboratory test was not significantly different between Yi race patients and Han race ones including the number of white blood cells, platelets and urine/stool analysis (P > 0.05), except for creatine kinase isoenzyme (P < 0.05). Conclusion Although the basically clinical features (gender, age, precipitating factor, et al.) are nearly same between Han race and Yi race pediatric Henoch-Schnlein purpura cases, few of differences can still be found including clinical manifestations, laboratory tests. So, more knowledge and vigilance are needed in the doctor’s daily work, which will be helpful to enhance the health level of local Han race and Yi race children.