滑膜肉瘤相关发病机制的研究进展

滑膜肉瘤（synovial sarcoma, SS）是源于关节、滑膜及腱鞘滑膜的软组织恶性肿瘤，因其在关节周围的经典表现而得名。滑膜肉瘤可发生在身体任何部位，但以四肢近关节处多见。95%的SS以t（X;18）（p11.2-q11.2）染色体易位为特点，形成融合基因SYT-SSX，从而通过Wnt/β-catenin、PcG和ERK等信号通路促进SS细胞发生。另外，TGF-β1、Smad、Snail和Slug通过EMT途径也参与SS的发生发展。除此之外SS的发病还涉及有许多因子改变，如Twist1、Bmi1等。近年来研究表明上述因素均和SS的发病机制有关。本文将对这些因素在SS发生发展方面的作用作一概述。

Advances in Pathogenesis of Synovial Sarcoma

Synovial sarcoma(SS) is a soft tissue sarcoma, derived from the joint, synovial and synovial sheath, so named for its classic performance around the joints. Synovial sarcoma could occur in any part of the body, but more common in the joints of the limbs. 95% of SS is characterized by t (X; 18) (p11.2-q11.2) chromosomal translocation, form a fusion gene SYT-SSX, thus to promote the formation of SS cells by Wnt/β-catenin, PcG and ERK signaling pathways. Moreover, TGF-β1, Smad, Snail and Slug are also involved in the development of SS by EMT. In addition, the pathogenesis of SS also involves many other factors, such as Twist1, Bmi1, etc. Recent studies indicate that these factors above contribute to the pathogenesis of SS. In this paper, we will review the role of these factors in the genesis and development of SS.