310例65岁以上老年人非小细胞肺癌的手术治疗

背景与目的：随着医疗健康条件的改善，人类预期寿命不断延长。2012年，全世界60岁以上的人口已达到8.1亿，占全世界总人口的11％。全球人口老龄化的进程将不可避免地导致越来越多的老年人被诊断出肺癌，对这类人群的手术方式仍然存在争议。本文通过研究老年肺癌的临床特点，了解不同手术方式对老年人肺癌预后的影响。方法：2006—2012年，共有310例年龄在65岁以上的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC)患者于中国医科大学附属第一医院胸外科及吉林省肿瘤医院胸部肿瘤外二科接受手术治疗。我们对患者的性别、疾病分期、组织学、吸烟状况、吸烟量、手术方法、多学科综合治疗和总生存期等临床资料进行回顾性分析。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法和log-rank检验。结果：256例(82.6％)老年患者接受标准的肺叶切除术，54例(17.4％)患者接受姑息切除术。总体的5年生存率为52.9％。接受不同手术方式(肺叶切除术和姑息切除术)的患者5年生存率相似(60.5％ vs 60.8％，P=0.381)。性别(P=0.024)、疾病分期(P=0.028)、吸烟状态(P=0.034)和吸烟量(P=0.028)显著地影响了患者的预后。多变量Cox比例风险分析显示，吸烟状况是影响肺癌患者预后的独立因素，相关的风险比为1.660(1.058~2.606，P=0.028)。结论：在老年NSCLC患者中，与肺叶切除术相比，姑息切除同样可延长患者的生存期。吸烟状况与老年肺癌患者的生存期密切相关。

Surgical treatment for 310 elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Background and purpose: Life expectancy has continuously improved in recently years with the development of medical level. In 2012, the amount of people who were above 60 years old has reached 810 million and account for 11％ of worldwide population. The worldwide population shift towards older ages will inevitably lead to more elderly patients being diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It still remains controversial whether sublobar resection is effective in such cases. In order to solve this question, we need to understand the clinical characteristics of these tumors. Methods: From 2006 to 2012, a total of 310 patients with NSCLC who were above 65 years old underwent surgical resection in Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University and the Second Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology, Jilin Province Tumor Hospital. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in sex, stage, histology, smoking status, smoking amount, drinking status, surgical approaches, multimodality therapy and overall survival. Survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test. Results: There were 256 (82.6％) elderly patients who underwent standard lobectomies and 54 (17.4％) patients who underwent sublobar resections. The overall 5-year survival rate was 52.9％. Patients with different surgicalapproaches (lobectomy and sublobar resection) had nearly the same 5-year survival rates (60.5％ vs 60.8％, P=0.381). The prognosis were significantly influenced by gender (P=0.024), stage of disease (P=0.028), smoking status (P=0.034) and smoking amount (P=0.028). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that the smoking status was associated with the hazard ratio of 1.660 (1.058-2.606; P=0.028). Conclusion: In elderly NSCLC patients, sublobar resection is considered to be an appropriate treatment in comparison with lobectomy, as this procedure provides an equivalent long-term survival. The survival of elderly patients with lung cancer is closely related to the smoking status.