小儿脑室腹腔分流术后并发症的分析及处理

目的分析小儿脑积水行脑室腹腔分流术术后并发症及处理方法。方法对我院近10年实施的282例脑室腹腔分流术后疗效、并发症分析。结果30例术后产生并发症，总并发症发生率为10.6%。其中分流管堵塞17例（腹腔端堵塞12例，脑室端堵塞4例，分流阀堵塞1例）。术后颅内感染4例，伤口感染3例。腹腔囊肿1例，肠穿孔2例，直肠内移位1例。脑室端脱出1例，硬膜下积液1例。结论小儿脑室腹腔分流术治疗小儿脑积水是安全、有效的，需掌握手术技巧，采取措施预防并发症。

Analysis and treatment of postoperative complications after ventricular-peritoneal shunt in children

Objective To analyze the postoperative complications and their treatment after ventricular-peritoneal shunt in children. Methods The information of 282 children with hydrocephalus who were performed ventricular-peritoneal shunt in recent 10 years was collected and the rate of postoperative complications was analyzed. Results The postoperative complications occurred in 30 cases (10.6%).There were obstructions of distal end in 12 cases, of proximate ends in 4 cases, and of the valve in 1 case. Postoperative infections occurred in 7 cases (4 cases had intracranial infection and 3 cases had wound infection). 1 case had abdominal cystic, 2 cases had intestinal perforations and 1 case had tube dislocation into the rectum. The proximate end was pulled out in 1 case and leakage of cerebrospinal fluid in 1 case. Conclusion The ventricular-peritoneal shunt is a safe and curative procedure for hydrocephalus in children. The postoperative complications should be prevented and treated appropriately.