葡萄籽提取物促进早期牙本质龋损再矿化作用的体外研究

目的评价葡萄籽提取物（GSE）对人工牙本质龋的再矿化作用和显微结构的影响。方法制备60个人牙本质标本,采用化学法形成人工牙本质龋损,将样本随机分为4组,分别用10%GSE溶液、1 mg/L NaF溶液、10%GSE+ 1 mg/L NaF溶液和去离子水（DDW）处理,进行体外pH循环。采用显微硬度计测定处理前、后各样本的显微硬度值,扫描电镜观察pH循环后各组牙本质显微结构的变化,并用X线能谱仪分析牙本质元素百分含量。采用SPSS17.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果显微硬度结果显示,GSE组牙本质的显微硬度获得百分比（SMHR）为40.87±9.92,NaF组为44.60±12.48,GSE+NaF组为48.54±9.27,去离子水组为15.98±8.33。与去离子水组相比,3个实验组的SMHR值均显著提高（P<0.05）,但相互之间无显著差异。扫描电镜显示,GSE组、NaF组和GSE+NaF组牙本质小管大部分呈封闭状态,而去离子水组牙本质小管呈开放状态。元素分析结果显示,3个实验组的Ca、P百分含量均显著高于去离子水组（P<0.05）。结论GSE能显著促进人工牙本质龋的再矿化作用,抑制牙本质龋的进展。

In vitro remineralization effect of grape seed extract on artificial dentin caries

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on remineralization of artificial dentin caries. METHODS：Sixty human dentine fragments were stored in a demineralization solution for 24 h at 37℃ to induce artificial dentin caries lesions. The fragments were then randomly divided into 4 groups: 10% GSE, 1 mg/L NaF, 10% GSE+1 mg/L NaF and distilled water (DDW, as control). The demineralized samples were pH-cycled for 8 days and surface dentine microhardness was assessed before and after pH-cycling regimen. The percentage surface microhardness recovery (SMHR) was calculated. The samples were subsequently analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDXS). The date was analyzed using ANOVA and Fisher’s tests by SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: The percentage surface microhardness recovery (SMHR) was obtained for GSE, NaF, GSE+NaF and DDW group(40.87±9.92,44.60±12.48,48.54±9.27 and 15.98±8.33, respectively). The treatment groups significantly increased the microhardness of the lesions (P<0.05) compared to DDW group, with no statistically significant difference among the treatment groups(P>0.05). Scanning electron microscopy of the treatment groups revealed greater mineral deposition on dentinal tubules, and DDW group formed honeycomb structure. Furthermore, from EDXS data, the treatment groups had higher percentage of Ca and P than the control. CONCLUSIONS: GSE positively affects the remineralization processes of artificial dentinal caries lesions, which may be a promising natural agent for remineralization therapy instead of fluoride.