高功能孤独症儿童汉语普通话语言感知能力障碍的初步研究

目的研究简化版的汉语普通话噪音下听觉测验(MHINT)在高功能孤独症儿童群体中的适用性。观察高功能孤独症儿童对汉语普通话语音感知能力是否存在障碍。方法对18例高功能孤独症儿童及18例正常儿童(年龄、性别匹配)分别应用原始版和简化版MHINT测试其语言感知能力,分析两种测试方法的一致性,比较两组儿童的测验结果是否存在统计学差异。结果 1)简化版MHINT测试数据与原版MHINT的一致性检验结果为:孤独症组儿童(安静条件r=0.931,P=0.001;噪音条件r=0.869,P=0.018);对照组儿童(安静条件r=0.911,P=0.001;噪音条件r=0.858,P=0.003),两种测试材料的一致性较好。2)应用两种测试材料的实验结果均为安静条件下,组间差异无统计学意义;而噪音条件下孤独症组儿童测试成绩显著低于正常儿童,且组间差异有统计学意义。结论简化版MHINT测试与原版的一致度较好,可以用于测试高功能孤独症儿童言语感知能力;与正常儿童对比,高功能孤独症儿童在噪音下对汉语普通话语言信息的分辨能力降低,可能存在语言感知功能障碍。

Pilot study on speech perception abilities for mandarin Chinese speaking children with high functional autism.

Objective To investigate the validity of the simplified version of mandarin hearing in noise test (MHINT) comparing with the original version,and observe the speech perception abilities for mandarin in children with high functional autism spectrum disorders (ASD) comparing with normal children.Methods Eighteen children diagnosed as high functional ASDs and their normal peers were tested by original and simplified version of MHINT.The agreement of two versions MHINT and the speech perception abilities were compared between groups.Results The agreement of simplified and original MHINT was acceptable under both conditions.ASD group (quiet condition:r=0.931,P=0.001;noise:r=0.869,P=0.018),control group (quiet condition:r=0.911,P=0.001;noise:r=0.858,P=0.003).No statistical differences between two groups in both tests under quiet conditions were found.Under noise condition,the test scores were significantly lower in ASD group in both tests.Conclusions The validity of simplified version MHINT is acceptable and could be used in later studies.High functional ASD children could have difficulties in speech perception in noisy background and their ability of sound complex identification could be impaired.