泉州市2～7岁儿童的饮食行为问题及其对健康状况的影响

目的了解泉州市2~7岁儿童饮食行为问题,及相关行为问题对儿童健康状况的影响。方法分层整群随机抽取泉州市2~7岁儿童1 804名,儿童饮食行为问题采用自行设计的《儿童饮食行为问卷》进行调查;体格测量、测定末梢血血红蛋白评估儿童健康状况。所得资料采用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果泉州地区2~7岁儿童中,92.8%的儿童进餐固定时间,62.7%的儿童每顿饭所花时间为15~30min;38.9%的儿童需大人喂饭,34.7%的儿童进餐时看电视或听音乐或玩玩具。大部分儿童的膳食结构较为均衡。儿童饮食行为边走/边玩边吃、挑食偏食、每顿饭所花的时间、固定时间进餐、吃零食等影响儿童的健康状况。结论儿童饮食行为问题普遍存在,不同地区儿童饮食行为状况不尽相同。泉州地区托幼机构儿童饮食行为表现为进餐规律性和平衡饮食较好,而进餐习惯、进餐氛围方面尚有欠缺。儿童的健康状况与儿童不良饮食行为密切相关。

Eating behavior problems and effects on the health of children aged 2~7 years old in Quanzhou city

Objectives To investigate the eating behavior problems of the children aged 2~7 years old in Quanzhou city,and the effects of related behavior problems on the health of children. Methods A total of 1 804 children aged 2~7 years old in Quanzhou were selected by stratified cluster random.Children's eating behavior was investigate by self-designed "Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire".Children's health was assessed by physical measurement and peripheral blood hemoglobin.The data were analysed by single factor analysis and multiple Logistic regression analysis. Results 92.8% of children aged 2~7 years old in Quanzhou area had dinner at fixed time,62.7% children spent 15~30 minutes on each meal;38.9% of the children dependented on adult-feeding,34.7% was eating while watching TV,listening to music or playing with toys.Most of the children's dietary structure was rather balanced.Children's eating behavior:walking or playing while eating,picky eating partial eclipse,time spent on every meal,fixed time eating and eating snacks influenced children's health. Conclusions Children's eating behavior problems are commonly exist with different situations in different areas.Children's eating behavior in kindergarten of Quanzhou is characterized by better eating regularity and a balanced diet.Nevertheless,there are deficiencies of eating habits,dining atmosphere.Children's health is closely related to children's poor eating behaviors.