执行海上救护任务医务人员的身心健康与干预

目的探讨执行海上救护任务医务人员抗晕船干预前后身心状态变化。方法在干预前、后采用自行设计一般项目调查表、艾森克个性测量问卷（EPQ）,肖计划编制的“应付方式问卷”,对五批次执行海上救护任务的260名医务人员进行调查,同时测定血清总三碘甲状腺原酸（TT3）、总甲状腺素（TT4）和皮质醇（cortisol）水平。结果晕船病的发生率干预前为81.2%,干预后为55.3%,其中晕船症状明显减轻的人数占90.3%;干预后EPQ精神质（P）分、神经质（N）分明显低于干预前（P〈0.05）,干预后解决问题、求助因子分明显高于干预前,自责、退避因子分明显低于干预前（P〈0.001～P〈0.05）,与干预前比较,TT3、cortisol水平显著性降低（P〈0.001）。结论综合性抗晕船干预措施,有利于降低晕船的发生率,减轻晕船症状,提高身心舒适感。

Intervention on Physical Activities and Mental Health of Sea Rescue Medical Staff

Objective To explore the seasickness, physical and mental condition of sea rescue medical staff before and after interventions. Methods We investigated 260 medical staff who undertake five batches of sea rescue task with self-designed questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ） and Coping Mode Questionnaire compiled by Xiao before and after interventions. Simultaneously, their serum levels of total triiodothyronine （TT3）, tetraiodothyronine （TT4） and cortisol were also measured.Results The percentage of medical staff suffering from seasickness declined from 81.2% before interventions to 55.3% after interventions, and the seasickness of 90.3% medical staff had obviously alleviated. Scores in the psychoticism and neuroticism after interventions were lower than those before （P〈0.05）. Scores of problem solving and seeking help were obviously higher than those before, while scores of self-blame and avoidance were lower （P〈0.001 to P〈0.05）. The levels of TT3 and cortisol reduced remarkably after interventions （P〈0.001）.Conclusion All-around interventions, reduce the incidence of seasickness, alleviate the symptoms and maintain the physical and mental health of sea rescue medical staff.