农村改厕与卫生防病效果分析

目的：探讨粪便无害化处理对控制肠道传染病和寄生虫病的效果。方法：对卫生厕所普及率、粪便无害化处理率与常见乙类肠道传染病及发病率及蠕虫卵的感染率进行统计分析。结果：随着卫生厕所普及率及粪便无害化处理率的逐年提高，3种肠道传染病（痢疾，伤寒，肝炎），蠕虫卵感染率从1991年的175．14／10万,76.88%逐年下降，到2000年三种肠道传染病发病率下降到57．78／10万，下降了67．01％，蠕虫卵感染率下降至22．16％，下降了71．17％，结论：粪便无害化处理具有明显的卫生防疫效果，在农村应大力普及粪便无害化处理厕所。

Effectiveness of Improvement of Latrines on Disease Prevention in Countryside

ve To explore the effectiveness of non-hazardous treatment of excreta on control of intestinal infectious diseases and parasitosis. Methods The popularization rate of sanitary latrines, the non-hazardous treatment rate of excreta, the prevalance rate of B-class intestinal infectious diseases and infectious rate of worm eggs were sta-tistically analyzed. Results With the increasing popularization rate of sanitary latrine and the non-hazardous treat-ment rate of excreta, the prevalance rates of 3 kinds of intestinal infectious diseases (dysentery, typhoid and hepatitis) decreased from 175.14/100 000 in 1991 to 57.78/100 000 in 2 000 namely decreased 67.01% . The infectious rates of helminth eggs decreased from 76.88% in 1991 to 22.16% in 2000 namely decreased 71.17%. Conclusion Non-hazardous treatment of excreta presented obvious effectiveness on disease prevention, which should be widely popularized in countryside.