急性高容血液稀释减少围术期用血的可行性研究

目的　探讨术前急性高容血液稀释 (AHH)减少围术期用血的有效性和可行性。方法　随机将ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级骨科脊柱手术 32例分为实验组 (AHH组 )和对照组各 16例。麻醉后AHH组以 6 %贺斯 (Hes,2 0 0 / 0 .5 )进行AHH ,使血容量增加约 2 5 % ,术中失血以等量Hes替代 ,当Hct<2 5 %输同型异体血。分别于AHH前 (T1,对照组相当于第 1次有创监测完毕 )、AHH完毕 (T2 ,对照组相当于第 1次有创监测完毕后 30min)、术毕 (T3 )、术后 2 4h(T4)测定HR、MAP、CVP、SpO2 、Hb、Hct、Plt、FIB、APTT和PT ;记录出血量、输血量、尿量、术后 2 4h引流量和手术医师对凝血功能的VAS评分 ;计算扩容率 (% ) =(Hct稀释前 -Hct稀释毕) /Hct稀释毕 × 10 0 %。结果　术毕HR ,两组的增加均有显著意义 ,对照组比AHH组增加显著 (P <0 .0 1) ;AHH完毕 ,AHH组MAP和CVP分别升高了 11%和 88% ,有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1)。②输血量 ,AHH组显著少于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而输血率 ,AHH组 (2 5 % )与对照组 (44 % )差异无显著意义。③Hb和Hct,两组在各时点均降低 ;扩容率 ,AHH组显著高于与对照组 (P <0 .0 1)。④Plt和FIB ,AHH组均降低 ,有显著意义 ,Plt在术后 2 4h却明显升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;对照组在术后 2 4h均升高 ,有显著意义 (P <0 .0 1)。APTT?

Acute hypervolemic hemodilution for reducing perioperative blood use

Objective To study the feasibility of preoperative acute hypervolemic hemodilution for decreasing perioperative blood use. Methods Thirty two patients(ASAI-II) undergoing spinal surgery were randomized into AHH group and control group. After anesthesia 6% HES(200/0.5) was given through internal jugular vein for AHH. The blood volume was increased by about 25%. During the operation, blood loss was replaced by HES in equal volume. Blood was transfused when the Hct dropped below 25%. The HR, MAP, CVP, SPO2, Hb, Hct., Plt, FIB, APTT, PT, amount of blood loss, blood transfused and urine output, volume of drainage 24h after operation and VAS score (0 means no effect, 10 means maximal effect) were observed before AHH, at the end of AHH, at the end of operation, and 24h after the operation. Blood volume expansion was calculated. Results (1) HR increased significantly in both groups(P<0.01)). In AHH group the MAP and CVP increased by 11% and 88% respectively at the end of AHH. (2) The amount of blood transfusion in AHH group was (447±209)ml, significantly less than control group of(832±311)ml. Twenty-five percent of patients in study group were transfused, compared to 44% in the control. But the difference was not statistically significant. (3)Hb and Hct decreased at all time points in two groups. (4)In AHH group both Plt and FIB decreased at the end of AHH, and end of operation, but Plt increased at 24h after operation(P<0.01). In the control group both Plt and FIB increased significantly at 24hs after operation(P<0.01). APTT and PT prolonged significantly but still were in normal range in AHH group. As for VAS score there was no difference between two groups . Conclusion Using AHH to reduce red blood cells loss and the amount of transfusion was feasible, also it had little influence on the circulation and blood coagulation functions.