二维超声和三维超声在产前胎儿畸形筛查中的应用价值

目的：探讨二维超声和三维超声检查在产前胎儿畸形筛查中的应用价值，评价其在产前诊断中的应用效果。方法选择56例接受二维和三维超声产前检查并经引产或随访证实有胎儿畸形的孕妇作为研究对象，观察记录56例孕妇共58个畸形胎儿的畸形情况，比较观察二维超声和三维超声检查结果。结果56例孕妇共检出58个胎儿，最终随访结果发现75处胎儿畸形，其中腹部畸形最多，共27处，占36．0％。三维超声在评价颅面部、脊柱四肢以及体表处的畸形效果优于二维超声，但差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）；三维超声总的畸形检出率为92．0％，显著高于二维超声的80．0％，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论三维超声能够弥补二维超声在产前胎儿畸形筛查中的不足，提高胎儿畸形的检出率，并且可提供更丰富的诊断信息，具有较高的临床应用价值。

The Value of 2 d and 3 d Ultrasound in Prenatal Fetal Malformation Screening

Objective To explore the value of 2 d and 3 d ultrasound in prenatal fetal malformation screening,and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages in prenatal diagnosis.Methods Choose 56 cases pregnant women examined by two-dimensional and three-dimensional prenatal ultrasound,they were setted as the research object after Induced labor or follow-up confirmed fetal abnormalities.Record the distribution of the proportion of 56 cases pregnant women with 58 malformation fetus.Comparatively observe the testing result of 2 d and 3 d ultrasound.Results 56 cases pregnant women 58 malformation fetus,discover 75 fetal abnormalities finally after follow-up visit.Totally 27 largest abdominal deformity among them,accounting for 36%.Three-dimensional ultrasound in the evaluation of a facial,limbs and body place of the spine deformity is better than two-dimensional ultrasound,but the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉0.05）;the overall detection rate of Three-dimensional ultrasound was 92.0%,significantly higher than 80% of the two-dimensional ultrasound,the difference was statistically significant （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion Three-dimensional ultrasound can make up for the two-dimensional ultrasound in prenatal fetal malformation screening of less than,Improve the rate of fetal abnormalities,and can provide more abundant diagnostic information,which has high clinical value.