Bacillus anthracis: balancing innocent research with dual-use potential |
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| Authors: | Hudson Michael J Beyer Wolfgang Böhm Reinhard Fasanella Antonio Garofolo Giuliano Golinski Robert Goossens Pierre L Hahn Ulrike Hallis Bassam King Annemarie Mock Michèle Montecucco Cesare Ozin Amanda Tonello Fiorella Kaufmann Stefan H E |
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| Affiliation: | aHealth Protection Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK;bUniversity of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany;cIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale of Puglia and Basilicata, Foggia, Italy;dDepartment of Immunology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany;eInstitut Pasteur, Paris, France;fUniversity of Padova, Italy |
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| Abstract: | Anthrax Euronet, a Coordination Action of the EU 6th Framework Programme, was designed to strengthen networking activities between anthrax research groups in Europe and to harmonise protocols for testing anthrax vaccines and therapeutics. Inevitably, the project also addressed aspects of the current political issues of biosecurity and dual-use research, i.e. research into agents of important diseases of man, livestock or agriculture that could be used as agents of bioterrorism. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of Bacillus anthracis, of the pathogenesis, epidemiology and diagnosis of anthrax, as well as vaccine and therapeutic intervention strategies. The proposed requirement for a code of conduct for working with dual-use agents such as the anthrax bacillus is also discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Anthrax Bacillus anthracis Bioterrorism Dual-use research Diagnosis Vaccine Therapeutics |
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