严重急性呼吸综合征自身免疫指标的初步研究

目的　探讨严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)患者是否存在着自身免疫现象,寻找患者体内异常出现的抗自身组织器官的抗体。方法　随机选取2 7例SARS患者及18例健康献血员对照血清同时应用免疫荧光法检测抗核抗体(ANA)、抗平滑肌抗体(SMA)、抗线粒体抗体(AMA)、抗胃壁细胞抗体(PCA)、抗心肌抗体(HRA) ,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测抗肝肾微粒体抗体(LKM)及抗线粒体M2亚型抗体,同时利用猴肺组织基质片应用免疫荧光法定位血清中的SARS相关抗体的靶细胞。结果　2 7例SARS患者中有3例ANA阳性、1例SMA阳性、1例AMA阳性、1例LKM阳性、其余均为阴性;18例献血员中有1例ANA阳性、1例AMA阳性,其余均为阴性。统计分析表明SARS患者与献血员间各项自身抗体阳性率差异均不具有统计学意义。在2 7例SARS患者血清中有2 6例在肺组织细小支气管柱状上皮细胞的腔面尖端呈现强阳性荧光信号,献血员中有5例,统计分析表明两者阳性率差异有统计学意义。结论　SARS患者未出现抗肺外组织、器官的自身抗体。患者血清中出现了抗肺组织的自身抗体,定位于细小支气管柱状上皮细胞。

Detection of autoimmune parameter of SARS patients

Objective To explore whether autoimmune phenomena exist in SARS patients, and to seek for unusual autoimmune antibodies in SARS patients. Methods Autoantibodies against cell nuclei (ANA), autoantibodies against smooth muscles (SMA), autoantibodies agaist parietal cells (PCA), autoantibodies agaist heart cells (HRA) were detected by using immunofluorescence, and autoantibodies against live-kidney microsomes (LKM) and anti-M2 antibodies were detected by ELISA in sera taken from 27 SARS patients and 18 healthy controls. Immunofluorescence was used to localize the targets antigens in slides with biochips of lung (monkey) of SARS associated antibodies. Results ANA, AMA, LKM and SMA were found positive in 3,1,1, and 1 of the 27 SARS sera. In 18 healthy control sera, one ANA and one AMA were positive. Statistical analysis showed that there were no difference between two groups in every item detected. Twenty-six of 27 SARS patients and 5 of 18 healthy controls had strongly stained columnar epithelia of the bronchiole, especially the lumen border of the epithelia, the difference between two groups was significant. Conclusion No antibodies against organs but lung were found in SARS patients. There are auto antibodies against lung tissues in sera of SARS patients.