机动车尾气颗粒物对实验动物肺损伤作用的研究及比较

本实验采用气管注入染毒，研究及比较了汽车尾气颗粒物对肺的毒性作用。染毒２４小时后进行肺灌洗液成分分析，结果显示剂量为１．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ时，大鼠肺灌洗液乳酸脱氢酶活性增加，并随剂量增加，灌洗液中酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和白蛋白及唾液酸含量也明显升高，肺泡巨噬细胞数减少，表明颗粒物对肺组织有明显损伤作用。汽油车尾气颗粒物的毒性作用高于柴油车尾气颗粒物。

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON TOXIC EFFECTS OF AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST PARTICULATES ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL LUNG TISSUE

Automobile exhaust particulates from four gasoline powered and two diesel powered vehicles were given to SD rats intracheally to detect and compare their toxic effects on lung tissue. The bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was analysed 24 hours after administration. In the dose of 1.5 mg/kg,the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the BALF increased. With increase of doses,the contents of AKP,ACP,albumin and N A cetylneuraminic acid raised correspondingly,while the count of alveolar macrophages decreased. The results suggested that automobile exhaust particles could induce noticeable injury on rat lung. The toxic effects of particulates from gasoline vehicles were higher than those from diesel trunks.