Relation Between Body Composition and Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover Among Early Postmenopausal Women

We studied the associations between body composition and biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption among 1600 postmenopausal women, ages 45-59. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the independent associations of fat mass, muscle strength (quadriceps strength), height, and whole body bone mineral content (BMC) with biochemical markers of bone formation (serum osteocalcin) and resorption (urinary type I collagen crosslinked N-telopeptides [NTX]). Per interquartile range (IQR) (the difference between 75th and 25th percentiles) increase in fat mass and whole body BMC, the mean levels of osteocalcin decreased by 3% and 13%, respectively; NTX decreased by 5 and 21%. Fat mass and whole-body BMC were also significantly associated with decreases in the average of osteocalcin and NTX Z-scores. By contrast, the mean levels of serum osteocalcin increased by 2 and 11%, respectively, per IQR increase in muscle strength and height; NTX increased by 4 (not significant) and 14%, respectively. Both muscle strength and height were significantly associated with increases in the average Z-scores. These exploratory analyses suggest that fat mass and whole-body BMC were associated with decreased bone turnover, while muscle strength and height were associated with increased bone turnover.