南京市城区社区居民高血压现况调查及影响因素分析

目的：了解南京市社区居民高血压患病情况及其相关影响因素，为社区高血压综合管理与干预提供科学依据。方法：通过整群抽样的方法对南京市模范西路丁山社区15岁以上的居民2215人进行入户问卷调查及体格检查。结果：调查人群高血压患病率为23．0％（标化率21．2％）；不同职业、文化程度、婚姻状况人群的高血压患病率差异有统计学意义（均P值＜0．01）；有高血压家族史及相关慢性疾病史人群的高血压患病率显著增高（均P值＜0．01）；超重及肥胖、吸烟、饮酒、口味偏咸、经常失眠等人群的高血压患病率显著高于非以上特征者（均P值＜0．01）；多因素logistic回归分析显示，男性、高龄、超重及肥胖、睡眠时间过少和过多、高血压家族史、糖尿病、高脂血症、冠心病、脑血管病、慢性肾病可能是社区居民高血压病的危险因素。结论：南京市社区居民高血压患病率处于较高水平，人群分布及相关危险因素具有地方特征，高血压的防治应结合本地特点进行针对性的社区综合管理与干预。

A prevalence survey and analysis on the influential factors of hypertension among community residents in Nanjing

Objective：To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among residents of West Mofan Road community in Nanjing , and provide scientific evidence for hypertension prevention and intervention . Methods：A cluster random sample of 2 215 community residents over 15 years old were investingated by questionnaire and medical examination . Results： The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 23 .0%（ standardized rate was 21 .2%） .The prevalence rate of hypertension differed significantly among the subjects of different groups which were classified by occupation , education degree, marital status, respectively （P〈0.01）. Subjects with a family history of hypertension had a higher prevalence of hypertension than those without it , and so did the people with the history of related chronic diseases （ P〈0.01） .The prevalence rates of hypertension among overweight , obesity , smoking , drinking , taste salty , insomnia population were all significantly higher than those without the above-mentioned characteristics.Furthermore, the unconditional multiple logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for hypertension in this population included male , advanced age , overweight or obesity , less or more sleep , family history , diabetes , hyperlipidaemia , coronary heart disease , cerebrovascular disease and chronic kidney disease .Conclusion： The distribution and risk factors of hypertension have local characteristics among urban community residents in Nanjing .Therefore , we should make the comprehensive intervention and management measures to prevent and control hypertension .