40例骨瓜提取物注射剂致全身过敏反应的文献分析

目的通过对40例骨瓜提取物注射剂致过敏反应的文献进行分析，探讨其引起过敏反应的机制和特点，为临床安全合理用药提供参考。方法对1994～2013年中国期刊全文数据库文献进行检索，对其中涉及骨瓜提取物注射剂致过敏反应的29篇文献中报道的40例病例报告进行统计与分析。结果骨瓜提取物注射剂致过敏反应男性明显多于女性，在高年龄组发生率较高；过敏反应均发生于用药过程中，出现时间最短为用药后30s，最长为连续用药10d后出现，大多集中在药后30min内发生；过敏反应主要临床表现累及多个系统一器官，临床表现复杂多样，主要有皮肤及附件损害、呼吸系统、神经系统、心血管系统、消化系统、全身性损害和口腔系统，其中以心血管系统为主；所有病例均发现及时，立即停药，进行对症处理，治疗和预后良好，未见死亡病例报道。结论临床医师、药师应重视骨瓜提取物注射液所致过敏反应的发生，了解其规律和特点，加强临床检测，以减少不良反应的发生。

Literature Analysis of 40 Anaphylaxis Cases Induced by Gugua Extractives Injection

Abstract.Objective Through analysing 40 anaphylaxis cases by Gugua extractives injection to explore the mechanism and characteristics, provide a reference for clinical rational use of drugs. Methods By searching literature in Chinese Journal Full-text Database from 1994 to 2013, 29 anaphylaxis hteratures of Gugua extractives injection involving 40 cases were statistically analyzed. Results In the 40 anaphylaxis cases by Gugua extractives injection, the incidence of men was more than women, and anaphylaxis often occurred in aged group. 40 anaphylaxis cases all occured in the medication process, the shortest time was 30s after administration and the longest time was 10d, and the most was found 30 minutes after administration. The major clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis involved many systems and organs, and were complexed and varied, and the cardiovascular system was the first, followed by skin and accessories damage, respiratory system, nervous system, digestive system,and oral system. All cases were found timely, made an immediately withdrawal and symptomatic treatment to get satisfactory outcome, and no death cases were reported. Conclusion The doctors and pharmacists should pay attention to the anaphylaxis caused by Gugua extractives injection, and understand the rules and characteristics,and the clinical care should be strengthened so as to prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions.