三峡工程运行对湖北省血吸虫病流行的影响

目的 目的 分析三峡工程运行后, 湖北省长江水文情势变化及其对沿江地区血吸虫病流行的影响。方法 方法 收集2002-2012年湖北省典型水文站水情资料, 以及沿江地区血吸虫病病情和螺情资料, 分析三峡工程运行后血吸虫病疫情变化趋势。结果 结果 三峡工程运行后, 长江湖北段1-3月水位较建坝前稍有上升, 春季 （5月） 和汛期 （8月） 平均水位均较建坝前 （2002年） 降低, 且汛期退水时间提前。三峡工程运行以来, 湖北省沿江地区血吸虫病疫情总体呈下降趋势。2012年, 居民血清学检测阳性率和耕牛感染率分别较建坝前 （2002年） 下降了2.97%和92.64%, 血吸虫病病人数和病牛数分别较建坝前 （2002年） 下降了48.35%和94.48%。结论 结论 三峡工程运行后, 湖北省沿江地区血吸虫病疫情总体呈逐年下降趋势,但仍需要持续开展长期的监测工作。

Impact of implementation of Three Gorges Project on schistosomiasis en-demic situation in Hubei Province

Objective To understand the change of hydrological regime in the Yangtze River and schistosomiasis endemic situation after the implementation of Three Gorges Project in Hubei Province. Methods The data of hydrological regime of the Yangtze River,schistosomiasis epidemic situation,and Oncomelania hupensis snail status were collected and analyzed in Hubei Province from 2002 to 2012. Results After the implementation of the Three Gorges Project in 2003,the water level of the Yangtze River slightly rose from January to March,the average water level in May and August both reduced compared with that in 2002,and the time of water withdrawal was moved up. The endemic situation of schistosomiasis showed a decline tendency in areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province. The positive rate of serological tests in the residents and the Schistosoma japonicum infection rate in bovine decreased by 2.97% and 92.64% respectively. The numbers of human and bovine infected with S. japonicum decreased by 48.35% and 94.48%,respectively. Conclusion After the implementation of the Three Gorges Project,the schistosomiasis endemic situation shows a decline tendency in the areas along the Yangtze River in Hubei Province,but the long-term monitoring stillneed to be carried out.