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安徽省血吸虫病传播达标前后疫情调查
引用本文:汪奇志,张世清,黄宏刚,林本峰,张印,汪峰峰,高风华,汪天平.安徽省血吸虫病传播达标前后疫情调查[J].中国血吸虫病防治杂志,2014,26(5):482-485.
作者姓名:汪奇志  张世清  黄宏刚  林本峰  张印  汪峰峰  高风华  汪天平
作者单位:1安徽省血吸虫病防治研究所 (合肥 230062); 2 安徽省天长市血吸虫病防治站; 3 安徽省广德县血吸虫病防治站; 4 安徽省太湖 县血吸虫病防治站
基金项目:国家重大科技专项(2012ZX10004-220,2008ZX10004-011);中英全球卫生支持项目
摘    要:目的 目的 分析安徽省血吸虫病传播控制 (传控) 和传播阻断 (传阻) 地区达标前、 后的疫情演变规律, 为控制血吸虫 病及巩固防治成果提供科学依据。方法 方法 选择安徽省已达血吸虫病传阻的天长市、 达传阻后疫情回升的太湖县和达传 控疫情回升的广德县, 采用回顾性调查方法, 以达到血吸虫病传控年为基点, 收集各县传控前10年至2008年的血吸虫病 疫情资料, 分析比较血吸虫病流行区达标前、 后病情与螺情变化规律及相关影响因素。结果 结果 天长市钉螺分布于局部湖 滩, 传控年有螺面积3.54 hm2 , 2008年消灭钉螺; 除1993年发生58例急性感染外, 其他年份无粪检阳性者, 人群血检阳性 率维持在0~1.55%的低水平。太湖县达传控的1971年钉螺面积为历史累计有螺面积的0.06%, 1983年达传阻前连续3 年无螺, 传阻12年后疫情回升, 发生血吸虫集体感染73例; 有螺面积回升至历史累计有螺面积的2.91%, 之后钉螺面积 持续上升; 人群血吸虫感染率为0~5.65%, 耕牛粪检阳性率多>1%。广德县达传控年的有螺面积为历史累计钉螺面积 的1.90%, 之后呈逐年上升趋势, 达传控后5年曾发生血吸虫急性感染病例, 疫情出现回升。天长市人群血检阳性率、 太 湖县人群和耕牛粪检阳性率, 与当地有螺面积均呈正相关 (r=0.582, 0.401, 0.596, P均<0.05)。结论 结论 控制钉螺是实现 血吸虫病传播达标和巩固防治成果的关键因素, 应加快研究建立有效的螺情监控体系。

关 键 词:血吸虫病    传播控制    传播阻断    回顾性调查    安徽省  

Survey of endemic situations in schistosomiasis transmission controlled or interrupted regions in Anhui Province
WANG Qizhi,ZHANG Shiqing,HUANG Honggang,LIN Benfeng,ZHANG Yin,WANG Fengfeng,GAO Fenghua,WANG Tianping.Survey of endemic situations in schistosomiasis transmission controlled or interrupted regions in Anhui Province[J].Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control,2014,26(5):482-485.
Authors:WANG Qizhi  ZHANG Shiqing  HUANG Honggang  LIN Benfeng  ZHANG Yin  WANG Fengfeng  GAO Fenghua  WANG Tianping
Institution:1 Anhui Provincial Institute of Schistosomiasis Control|Hefei 230062|China;2 Tianchang Station of Schistosomiasis Control| Anhui Province |China;3 Guangde Station of Schistosomiasis Control | Anhui Province |China;4 Taihu Station of Schistosomia? sis Control| Anhui Province |China
Abstract:Objective To understand the variation rules of schistosomiasis endemic situation before and after schistosomiasis transmission controlled or interrupted,so as to provide the evidence for the consolidation of control achievements. Methods In Anhui Province,3 counties reaching the criteria of schistosomiasis transmission controlled or interrupted were selected and their historical endemic data were collected and analyzed statistically from 10 years before the schistosomiasis transmission controlled to 2008. Results In Tianchang City,the Oncomelania hupensis snail area was 3.54 hm2 in a part of the lake marshland in the year reaching the criteria of transmission controlled(1998),and no snails were found in the year of transmission interrupted(2008). No stool-test-positive resident was detected except there were 58 acute schistosomiasis cases in 1993,and the sero-test-positive rate of local residents remained at low levels(0-1.55%). In Taihu County,the snail area was 0.84 hm2 accounting for 0.06% of its historical accumulative snail areas in the year of transmission controlled(1971),and no snails were found three years before the transmission interrupted(1983). However,the schistosomiasis endemic rebounded 12 years later(1995),there was an outbreak of acute schistosome infections(73 cases),and the snail area increased again to 133.7 hm2 accounting for 2.91% of historical accumulative snail areas. After that,the snail area kept on rising and the infection rates of residents and bovine remained higher than 1%. In Guangde County,the snail area was 32.4 hm2 accounting for 1.90% of its historical accumulative snail areas in the year of transmission controlled(1995). After that,the snail area increased progressively,and the schistosomiasis endemic rebounded and there were acute schistosome infections 5 years later. The Spearman tests showed that the sero-test-positive rate(Tianchang City)and the stool-test-positive rates of residents and bovine(Taihu County)had positive correlations
Keywords:Schistosomiasis  Transmission controlled  Transmission interrupted  Retrospective survey  Anhui Province
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