A study on changes in caries risk and microbial flora with the placement of edgewise appliance |
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| Institution: | 1. Division of Orthodontics, Niigata University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;2. Division of Preventive Dentistry, Niigata University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;3. Medical Support Center, Dental Hygienist Section, Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan;1. Department of Orthodontics, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan;2. Institute for Biomaterials Co., Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan;3. Department of Dental Engineering, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan;1. Orthodontic Science, Department of Orofacial Development and Function, Division of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;2. Biostructural Science, Department of Hard Tissue Engineering, Division of Bio-Matrix, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan;3. Section of Biology, Department of Oral Function and Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, Ohu University, Koriyama, Japan;4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Orthodontics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan;1. Associate professor, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;2. Professor, Department of Microbiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;3. Postgraduate student, Faculty of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;4. Chemist, Department of Chemistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;5. Postgraduate student, Department of Biostatics, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran;1. Department of Orthodontics, University of Ege, 35100 Izmir, Turkey;2. Dental Materials Unit, University of Zürich, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes of caries risk and oral microbial flora in the patients having edgewise appliance. Forty-two patients treated at the Orthodontic Clinic of Niigata University Hospital participated. Using a caries risk examination kit by Bio Medical Laboratory (BML, Tokyo), stimulated saliva test was performed to investigate the salivary flow rate, pH of saliva, buffer capacity, and the levels of lactobacilli. Modified Mitis–Salivarius–Bacitracin (MSB) agar plates were used to detect and count Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus. Furthermore, the members of commensal bacteria and transient bacteria in aerobic culture medium were examined in salivary level to investigate the alterations in oral microbial flora. The number of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli decreased after 1 month of treatment, and then increased to reach the initial level at 3 months. While the amount of plaque increased and saliva pH deteriorated after the onset of treatment, the salivary flow rate improved. The number of transient bacteria showed a tendency toward an increase. These results demonstrate that both caries risk and oral microbial flora balance possibly change with the placement of appliances. Therefore, caries risk test should be performed before and during orthodontic treatment to monitor alterations in intraoral environment of the orthodontic patients not to cause an iatrogenic caries. |
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