儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌检测结果影响因素的探讨

目的探讨不同季节、不同年龄儿童下呼吸道感染的病原菌分布特点。方法对2014年9月至2015年8月在中山市博爱医院儿科门诊或住院诊疗的下呼吸道感染患儿细菌培养结果进行回顾性分析,统计不同年龄段和不同月份儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌的检出情况。结果全年4 629份下呼吸道标本共分离致病菌2 809株,检出率为60.7%。不同年龄段儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌分布情况不同,29d至7岁儿童下呼吸道感染均以流感嗜血杆菌排第一位,为33.3%。流感嗜血杆菌、卡他莫拉菌、肺炎链球菌的检出率有明显的季节性,金黄色葡萄球菌、副流感嗜血杆菌的检出率则没有明显的季节差异。结论儿童下呼吸道感染病原菌与成人不同,受年龄与季节变化的影响。

Investigation on influence factors of pathogenic bacterial detection results in children lower respiratory tract infections

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of pathogenic bacteria among different seasons and ages in children lower respiratory tract infection.Methods To retrospectively analyze the results of bacterial culture in pediatric outpatients and inpatients with lower respiratory tract infections in our hospital from September 2014 to August 2015.The pathogenic bacterial detection situation of lower respiratory tract infection among different age groups and different were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 2 809 pathogenic bacterial strains were isolated from 4 629 lower respiratory tract specimens,and detection rate was 60.7%.The pathogenic bacteria distribution was different among different age groups.Haemophilus influenzae (33.3%) ranked the first place in the lower respiratory infection among children aged from 19 d to 7 year old.The detection rates of Haemophilus parainfluenzae,Moraxella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus had obvious seasonality,while Streptococcus pneumoniae had no obvious seasonality.Conclusion Pathogenic bacteria causing lower respiratory tract infections in children are different from those in adults,which are affected by age and seasonal change.