粤北地区铜绿假单胞菌的临床分布和耐药性特点

目的分析粤北地区临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌株分布特点和对常用抗菌药物的耐药特点,为临床合理选用抗菌药物治疗、预防感染及防止耐药菌株的产生提供参考依据。方法按常规方法从粤北地区临床标本中分离培养铜绿假单胞菌,应用WHONET5.6和SPSS19.0统计软件分析2013-2014年的药敏试验数据,分析铜绿假单胞菌的耐药特点。结果 584株铜绿假单胞菌感染主要来自于重症医学科、骨科和呼吸内科,以呼吸道标本和伤口分泌物标本为主;铜绿假单胞菌对药敏试验的12种抗菌药物具有不同程度的耐药性,其中耐药率最高的是庆大霉素,对喹诺酮类、碳青霉烯类、加酶抑制剂类耐药率相对较低,头孢吡肟、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星和头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的耐药性呈下降趋势。结论铜绿假单胞菌主要引起肺部和伤口感染,尤其在重症医学科、骨科和呼吸内科的老年患者多见;该菌对临床常用抗菌药物的耐药率相对较低,但临床仍需规范使用抗菌药物,以减少耐药菌株、尤其是多重耐药株和泛耐药株的产生。

Clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistant characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Northern Guangdong

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistant characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa(PA)in the northern area of Guangdong.Provide the reference for clinical to prevent infection and reasonable choice of antibiotics and reduce the production of drug resistance strains.Methods The separation and identification of PA were performed by conventional methods during the data of drug 2013 and 2014.The data of sensitivity test of PA were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 and SPSS19.0 softwares.Results The 584 strains PA were mainly distributed in ICU,department of orthopaedics and respiratory medicine.Specimens were mainly from sputum and wound secretion.The detection of PA to 12 antibacterial agents showed different resistance.The antimicrobial with highest resistance was the gentamicin and lower resistance rates to fluoroquinolones,carbapenems,enzyme inhibitors.And a downward trend was shown in drug resistance to CIP,FEP,LEV,SCF.Conclusion PA mainly cause lung and wound infection,especially those old patients that come from ICU,department of orthopaedics and respiratory medicine.Although the drug resistance rates of PA to the commonly used antibiotics are relatively low,The clinicians should reasonably use antibiotics so as to reduce the resistant strains,especially the produce of MDR-PA and PDR-PA.