Efficacy and safety of intravenous parecoxib sodium in relieving acute postoperative pain following gynecologic laparotomy surgery

BACKGROUND: This study tested the hypothesis that an injectable cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-specific inhibitor will be at least as effective and well tolerated as a COX-nonspecific conventional nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) by comparing the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of one intravenous dose of parecoxib sodium, an injectable prodrug of the novel COX-2-specific inhibitor, valdecoxib, with ketorolac and placebo in postoperative laparotomy surgery patients. Intravenous morphine, 4 mg, was studied as a positive analgesic control. METHODS: In this multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, women experiencing moderate-to-severe pain on the first day after abdominal hysterectomy or myomectomy received one intravenous dose of parecoxib sodium, 20 or 40 mg, ketorolac, 30 mg, morphine, 4 mg, or placebo. Analgesic efficacy and tolerability were evaluated for 24 h postdose or until patients, whose pain was not adequately controlled, opted to receive rescue analgesia. RESULTS: Two hundred two patients were enrolled. All treatment groups had comparable demographics and baseline pain status. All active treatments had an equally rapid time to onset of analgesia (10-23 min). Overall, each parecoxib sodium dose and ketorolac were significantly superior to morphine and placebo for most measures of analgesic efficacy at most time points, including a significantly longer (two- to threefold) time to rescue analgesia (P