广州地区高尿酸患者中医体质类型与相关影响因素研究

目的：探讨高尿酸血症（HUA）患者中医体质类型与相关影响因素。方法：采用标准化的9种中医体质分类量表对984例HUA患者进行中医体质辨识，并就体质类型与性别、年龄、血尿酸（uA）、血压、血脂、体重指数（BMI）的相关性进行分析。结果：984例HUA患者，其中单一体质533例（未发现单纯特禀质体质类型），2种体质兼夹的403例，3种体质兼夹的48例。平和质185例（18．8％），痰湿质164例（16．7％），湿热质65例（6．6％），气虚质61例（6．2％），气虚兼痰湿质141例（14．3％），气虚兼湿热质79例（8．0％），其余均为出现例数〈60的体质类型，共计289例（29．4％）。若按体质九分法将上述的兼夹体质进行拆分，984例患者共出现体质类型1483例。不同体质类型性别间比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；不同体质类型年龄问比较，差异也有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。提示年龄、性别均可影响体质。单一体质中，男性以痰湿质、平和质为主；女性以平和质、气虚质为主。兼夹体质中，男女性均以气虚兼痰湿质、气虚兼湿热质为主，且构成比大致相同。青年以平和质和痰湿质为主；中年以痰湿质、气虚兼痰湿质为主；老年以气虚质为主。不同体质类型体型分布比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。不同体质类型BMI比较，差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。平和质、痰湿质、气虚兼痰湿质均以轻度肥胖为多，且痰湿质〉气虚兼痰湿质〉平和质。湿热质、气虚质、气虚兼湿热质均以正常体型为多。不同体质类型患者UA、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）比较，差异均无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。不同体质类型收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）比较，差异均有显著性意义（P〈0．05）。提示血压与体质类型有一定的相关性。SBP、DBP均为痰湿质水平最高，气虚兼湿热质最低。结论：年龄、性别均可影响体质；血压、血脂与体质类型有一定联系。

Investigation of Chinese Medical Constitution of Hyperuricemia Patients from Guangzhou Region with Risk Factors

Objective： To investigate the relationship between Chinese medical constitutions of hyper- uricemia（HUA） patients from Guangzhou region with risk factors Methods： The Chinese medical constitu- tion types of HUA patients from Guangzhou region were differentiated according to the standardized scale of 9 Chinese medical constitution types, and the relationship of constitution types with gender, age, blood uric acid（UA）level, blood pressure, blood lipid and body mass index（BMI） was analyzed. Results.. In 984 HUA patents, 533 had the single constitutions types（excluding simple specific constitution）, 403 had the complicated types of two single constitutions, and 48 had the complicated types of three single constitutions. Harmony constitution was found in 185 cases （18.8%） , phlegm-damp constitution was found in 164（16.7%）, damp-heat constitution was found in 65（6.6%）, qi-deficiency constitution was found in 61 （6.2%）, qi-deficiency complicated with phlegm-damp constitution was found in 141（14.3%）, qi-deficien- cy complicated with damp-heat constitution was found in 79（8.0%）, and the rest constitution types all had the case number less than 60, and had a total of 289（29.4%）. After separating the complicated constitution types according to the standardized scale of 9 Chinese medical c：onstitution types, all of the 984 cases can be classified into 1 483 types. Significant differences were shown between the male and the female with different constitution types（P 〈0.05）, and also shown among the age groups（P 〈0.05）, indicating that gender and age probably had an effect on the constitution types. In the HUA patients with single constitu- tions, the male was characterized as phlegm-damp constitution and harmony constitution, and the fe- male was characterized as harmony constitution and qi-deficiency constitution. In the HUA patients with complicated constitutions, the male and the female were all characterized as qi-deficiency complicated with phlegm-damp or damp-heat constitution, and the constituent ratio was similar. The youth patients were characterized as harmony constitution and phlegm-damp constitution, the middle-aged patients were characterized as phlegm-damp constitution and qi-deficiency complicated with phlegm-damp con- stitution, and the aged patients were characterized as qi-deficiency constitution. The differences of body figure were significant among the various constitution types（P〈 0.05）, but the differences of BMI were in- significant among the various constitution types（P〉 0.05）. The harmony, phlegm-damp, and qi-deficiency complicated with phlegm-damp constitution types were dominated in the patients with mild obesity, and the percentages were in decreasing sequence. The patients with normal body figure were characterized as damp-heat, qi-deficiency and qi-deficiency complicated with damp-heat constitution types. The differ- ences of UA, triglyceride, （TG） and total cholesterol（TC） were insignificant among various constitution types（P〉 0.05）, but the differences of systolic blood pressure（SBP） and diastolic blood pressure（DBP） were significant（P〈 0.05）. SBP and DBP were the highest in phlegm--damp constitution and were the lowest in qi-deficiency complicated with damp-heat constitution. Conclusion.. Age and gender have certain influences on constitution types, and blood pressure and blood lipid are correlated with constitution types ofHUA patients.