基于ICP-MS分析蓬莪术醋制前后煎液及沉淀物重金属转移率变化

中药饮片多以煎煮所得汤液服用,且静置冷却后往往有沉淀形成并被患者弃去;醋制一定程度上会改变饮片的特性,改变重金属转移至汤液的量。为探究蓬莪术醋制前后重金属在煎液及其沉淀中转移率的变化,该文采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS),以微波消解样品,以铟(In)为内标,以国家一级标准物质茶叶GBW10016(GSB-7茶叶)为质控标准物质,建立蓬莪术中铜(Cu)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)共5种重金属的ICP-MS测定方法,并测定6批次蓬莪术生品及其醋制品的饮片、煎液、沉淀中5种重金属的含量,通过换算得到重金属由饮片经过煎煮转移到煎液及沉淀中的百分率。结果显示醋制后Pb和Hg总转移率显著降低,Cd和Cu总转移率略降低,As总转移率略增高,而沉淀中重金属均有所降低,表明醋制对各重金属的转移率有不同程度的影响,说明醋制蓬莪术起到一定的增效减毒作用。

Analysis on transfer rate change of heavy metal in decoction and precipitation of Curcuma phaeocaulis before and after processing with vinegar based on ICP-MS

Chinese herbs are mostly used to make decoction, which would form precipitation after standing for cooling and abandoned by patients. Processing with vinegar can change the property of the herbal pieces, such as the transfer rate of heavy metal into decoction. To analyze the transfer rate change of heavy metal in the decoction and precipitation of Curcuma phaeocaulis before and after processing with vinegar, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to establish the determination method on five heavy metals in C. phaeocaulis, including Copper (Cu), arsenic (As), chromium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), using microwave to digest the samples, indium (In) as the internal standard, and national level standard material tea leaves GBW10016 (GSB-7 tea) as the quality control standard material. Then, the content of five heavy metals in the herbal pieces, decoction and five heavy metals of 6 representative batches of C. phaeocaulis and their vinegar-processing products was determinated. After computation, the transfer rates of heavy metals in the decoction and precipitation of C. phaeocaulis Val. before and after the processing with vinegar were obtained. The results showed that, after the processing with vinegar, total transfer rate of Pb and Hg was decreased significantly; total transfer rate of Cd and Cu was slightly decreased; total transfer rate of As was slightly increased, however heavy metals in all the precipitation were decreased. The results indicated that processing with vinegar had certain influence on heavy metal transfer rate, with certain synergistic and attenuated effect.