后鼓室颞骨切片与CT对照研究

目的：为后鼓室及耳科病变的影像诊断和手术治疗提供解剖学基础。方法：l5例成人头部标本，以眦耳线（cML）为基线，获得间隔为1．00mm，厚度为1．00mm的CT图像，扫描后的头部标本按原定位截取以耳颞区为中心的组织块并将其制成厚为1．00mm的连续横断薄层切片。标本切片与CT图像对照，对颞骨内砧骨窝、鼓索隆起、茎突隆起、面神经隐窝、鼓室窦、岬小桥、外耳道上棘等结构进行观察。结果：砧骨窝深度为1．49mm，至面神经锥曲的距离为5．67mm。后鼓室窦内侧壁至面神经水平部的距离为3．14mm。外耳道上棘至面神经垂直段、鼓索神经、鼓岬的距离分别为16．76mm、15．94mm和21．81mm。结论：耳颞区断面标本与CT图像进行对照研究，其结果对耳科疾病的影像诊断及手术治疗具有参考价值。

Comparative study between sectional anatomy and CT image of temporal bone including posterior tympanum

Objective: To study the sectional anatomy and CT image of posterior tympanum and provide anatomical data for image diagnosis and operation treatment of this area. Methods: For obtaining CT image of temporal bone (depth 1.00 mm, thick 1.00 mm), 15 normal adult cadaver heads were scanned by CT method taken canthomeatal line (CML) as the baseline. After that, auriculotemporal portion of temporal bone were taken, decalcified, desiccated and embedded. Sequential sections (thick 1.00mm) were made. Foramen incudis, chordal eminence, styloid eminence, facial recess, sinus tympani, ponticulus and suprameatal spine were identified on anatomic slices and CT images respectively. Results: The depth of fossa incudas was about 1.49 mm, the distance from fossa to pyramid segment of facial nerve was 5.67mm. The distance from medial wall of posterior tympanic sinus to horizontal part of facial nerve was 3.14 mm. The average distance from suprameatal spine to vertical part of facial nerve was 16.76 mm, to chorda tympani nerve 15.94 mm, to promontory 21.81mm. Conclusions: Comparing sectional anatomy and CT image of auriculotemporal portion of temporal bone is valuable for diagnosis and treatment of otopathy.