东北中俄边境地区黑线姬鼠及体外寄生虫的调查研究

目的调查东北中俄边境地区黑线姬鼠的种群数量及体外寄生蚤、蜱、革螨、恙螨的种类组成及寄生习性。方法采用笼日法捕鼠,收集鼠体外寄生虫。结果在东北中俄边境地区5县市捕获鼠3 351只,其中黑线姬鼠1 964只(58.6%)为优势种群。不同县市、生境和月份的黑线姬鼠数量组成有所不同。在黑线姬鼠体采获蚤、蜱、革螨、恙螨7 732只,计18属34种,其中蚤8属11种,蜱2属2种,革螨6属13种,恙螨2属8种,优势种群为栉头细蚤(28.8%),同源栉眼蚤指名亚种(23.8%),二齿新蚤(19.7%);全沟硬蜱(90.8%);耶氏厉螨(53.5%),厩真厉螨(40.0%);田宫新恙螨(66.4%)。黑线姬鼠体染蜱率(69.2%)及指数(8.7只)最高。结论本调查结果为东北中俄边境地区5县市的黑线姬鼠的种类数量及体外寄生蚤、蜱、革螨、恙螨的种类组成,寄生习性的深入研究和防制提供了依据。

Investigation of Apodemus agrarius and its ectoparasites in frontiers of Russia and northeast China

Objective To investigate species quantity of Apodemus agrarius,species composition and parasitism on ectoparasites including fleas,ticks,gamasid mites,chigger mites on the Apodemus agrarius in frontiers of Russia and Northeast China. Methods Catching rodents with cage,and collecting the ectoparasites of the rodent. Results 3351 rodents were recorded from 5 cities and counties in frontiers of Russia and Northeast China,among which Apodemus agrarius 1964(58.6%) were predominant species.The quantity composition of Apodemus agrarius varied with different cities and counties,habitats,months.7732 ectoparasites of Apodemus agrarius belonged to 34 species,18 genera,of which fleas were 11 species,8 genera;ticks 2 species,2 genera;gamasid mites 13 species,6 genera;chigger mites 8 species,2 genera.The predominant species were Leptopsylla pectiniceps(28.8%),Ctenophthalmus congenerides(23.8%),Neopsylla bidentatiformis(19.7%);Ixodes persulcatus (90.8%);Laelaps jettmari(53.5%),Eulaelaps stabularis(40.0%) and Neotrombicula tamiyai(66.4%).The mouse with the highest infested rates(69.2%) and infested index(8.7) by the ticks was Apodemus agrarius. Conclusion Bases was given for further studies and control on species quantity of Apodemus agrarius,species composition and parasitism on ectoparasites of Apodemus agrarius in frontiers of Russia and Northeast China.