城市职业人群自测健康状况及影响因素分析

目的 了解城市职业人群健康状况及影响因素,为制定相关评价指标提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在辽宁省丹东、营口市抽取18~60岁城市公务员、科技人员、企事业管理人员、教师、体力劳动者5类职业人群进行问卷调查,采用自测健康评定量表(SRHMS V1.0)对其健康状况进行评价。结果 本次调查共收回有效问卷2 391份,调查对象自测健康评定量表总分平均为(75.28±12.73)分,5类职业人群中,公务员量表总分为(79.34±10.80)分,科技人员(79.73±11.13)分,体力劳动者(73.38±12.59)分,企事业管理人员(72.97±14.43)分,教师(70.93±11.92)分(P=0.000);多元线性回归分析结果表明,与体力者比较,教师总分较低(P=0.000),公务员、科技人员总分较高(P=0.000);与未婚者比较,离异者总分最低(P=0.000);受教育程度越高,年龄越小,总分越高(P<0.005)。结论 城市5类职业人数中,教师、体力劳动者的自测健康状况较差;自测健康状况与地区、年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、职业等有关。

Self-rated health suatus and its influencing factors among urban occupational populations in Liaoning province

Objective To understand the status of self-rated health among urban cocupational populations and to explore factors associated with self-rated health, and to provide scientific basis for developing related indicators.Methods With multistage stratified sampling, Dandong and Yingkou city were selected in Liaoning porvince.In sample cities, 5 occupational populations including civel servants, scientifec and technical personnel, administrative staff, teachers and physical workers aged 18-60 years were assessed with Self-Rated Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0(SRHMSV 1.0).Results Overall 2 391 valid questionnaires were obtained.The SRHMS score of the respondents was 75.28±12.73.In the 5 occupational populations, civil servants had the highest total socre(79.34±10.80), followed by scientific and technical personnel(79.73±11.13), physical workers(73.38±12.59), administrative staff (72.97±14.4), and teachers(70.93±11.92) (P=0.000).The results of multiple linear regression showed that the teachers and the divorced had a lower total score(P=0.000) and the respondents who were younger or with higher education level had a higher total socre (P<0.005).Conclusion Teachers had the poorest self-rated health among the 5 occupational populations in Liaoning.Self-rated health status is a ssociated with residence, age, education level, marital status, and occupation.