澳门某机构女职工乳腺癌筛检影响因素分析

目的 了解澳门妇女乳腺癌筛检影响因素,为制定相关卫生教育和策略提供依据。方法 采用现况调查对某机构全体220名女职工进行乳腺癌普查,对乳腺癌筛检影响因素进行分析。结果 女职工平均年龄为44.2岁;82.1%已婚,76.9%已生育,子女中位数为2个,只有43.1%有喂哺母乳经验;平均初经年龄为13.6岁;35.4%女职工有亲友患过乳腺癌,78.5%从未患有乳房疾病;年龄(P=0.000)、初经年龄(P=0.032)、子女数(P=0.041)、婚姻(P=0.000)、生育子女(P=0.000)、喂哺母乳经验(P=0.006)、亲友患过乳腺癌(P=0.001)、乳房疾病(P=0.001)在是否进行乳腺癌筛检中差异有统计学意义;而年龄(OR=1.2,P=0.000)和未停经(OR=9.1,P=0.000)是促进乳腺癌筛检的因素,从未患有乳房疾病(OR=0.3,P=0.047)则是妨碍因素。结论 对年龄较轻及已停经的女职工,应加强乳腺癌筛检的宣传教育,以增加女职工乳腺癌的危机意识。

Influencing factors of breast cancer screening among female employees in Macao

Objective To understand the influencing factors of breast cancer screening(BCS) among women in Macao for planning health promotion strategy.Methods A cross sectional survey study of breast cancers cognition was conducted among 220 female employees in an organization and the influencing factors of BCS among the women were analyzed.Results The mean age of the employees was 44.2 years.Of all the women, 82.1% were married, 76.9% had given the birth to a child with the median of children number of 2, and 43.1% experienced breast feeding.The mean age of menophania of the women was 13.6 and 35.4% of their relatives had breast cancer history and 78.5% of them had no history of breast diseases.There was a significant difference between the women with and without experience of BCS in age(P=0 000), age of menophania (P=0.032), number of children(P=0.041), being married(P=0.000), ever given birth(P=0.000), experience of breast feeding (P=0.006), whether their relatives had breast cancer(P=0.001), and whether they had breast diseases(P=0.001).Age(odds ratio[OR]=1.2, P=0.000) and menses(OR=9.1, P=0.000) were contributing factors of taking BCS, but without the history of breast disease(OR=0.3, P=0.047) was a impedient factor of taking BCS.Conclusion To promote the BCS among young and menopausal women, the government should streng then the propaganda on regular BCS and health education on breast cancer.