陕西省出生缺陷患病情況分析

目的 了解陕西省出生缺陷患病水平,为进一步探讨出生缺陷影响因素提供科学依据。方法 应用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取陕西省9市12个区县共124个乡镇,对终止妊娠日期发生在2007年10月-2009年7月且孕满28周的13 273名妇女(其怀孕及生产均在调查点的常住人口)进行入户调查。结果 陕西省出生缺陷患病率为141.6/万;出生缺陷患病率前5位依次为皮肤系统畸形(43.7/万)、先天性心脏病(30.9/万)、中枢神经系统和神经管畸形(17.3/万)、单纯唇裂(3.8/万)、四肢畸形(3.8/万)、副耳畸形(3.8/万)、腹股沟疝(3.0/万)、脑瘫(3.0/万)、上眼睑下垂(3.0/万)。结论 陕西省出生缺陷患病率高于中国妇幼卫生监测中心公布的2004年全国平均水平,与2000年比较出生缺陷顺位情况变化较大,其中皮肤系统畸形为首位,中枢神经系统和神经管畸形位居第3位。

Prevalence of birth defects in Shaanxi province

Objective To understand the prevalence of birth defects in Shaanxi province, and to provide scientific evidence for the study of its risk factors.Methods Stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted.Overall 124 towns were sampled from 9 cities and 12 counties in Shaanxi province.There were 13 273 women enrolled in the home investigation and all of these women had 28 weeks' gestational age from October 2007 to July 2009.Results The prevalence of birth defect in Shaanxi province was 141.6 per 10000.The first five main birth defects were skin abnormality (43.7/10000), congenital heart disease(21.8/10000), central nervous system and neural tube defect(17.3/10000), cleft lip (3.8/10000), and dysmelia (3.8/10000), followed by accessory auricle deformities (3.8/10000), inguinal hernia (3.0/10000), cerebral palsy (3.0/10000), and blepharoptosis(3.0/10000).Conclusion The prevalence of birth defect in Shaanxi province was higher than the national average level in 2004.The major types of birth defect changed greatly compared to that in 2000.The prevalence of skin abnormality is the highest and the prevalence central nervous system and neural tube defect is in the third place.