Endothelin receptors in cultured and native human radial artery smooth muscle.

In human vascular smooth muscle cells endothelin-1, acting at both endothelin A and endothelin B receptors, has been demonstrated to be both a potent vasoconstrictor and mitogen. Our aim was to study the functional expression of endothelin receptors in human radial artery smooth muscle using both native tissue and cultured cells (RASMCs). Radial artery smooth muscle cells were cultured from arterial explants and loaded with the calcium fluorescent dye fura-2. Cells responded to endothelin-1 and a variety of other vasoconstrictors with rises in cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]c). Arterial rings responded to endothelin-1 with an increase in tension. The response of both cells and arterial rings to endothelin-1 was characterized using the selective endothelin A receptor antagonist BQ123 and the endothelin B receptor antagonist BQ788. The RASMCs were found to express [Ca2+]c responses consistent with the expression of only the endothelin A receptor. Endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstriction in radial artery rings was unaffected by BQ788 but was completely blocked by BQ123. Using the selective radioligands [125I]-PD151242 and [125I]-BQ3020 and a combination of in vitro receptor autoradiography and isolated cell preparations, endothelin A receptors were confirmed to be present on RASMCs and on arterial sections, whereas endothelin B binding was barely detectable on native smooth muscle and on RASMCs.