慢性支气管炎与肺气肿大鼠肺血管炎症的实验研究

目的研究慢性支气管炎(CB)与肺气肿大鼠模型肺腺泡内动脉炎症反应特点及红霉素(EM)的干预作用。方法18只清洁级雄性Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组(A组)、CB与肺气肿组(B组)及EM治疗组(C组),每组6只。采用气管内注入脂多糖(LPS)及烟熏法制作CB与肺气肿动物模型。8周后对大鼠肺脏进行病理学及形态学检测。结果(1)肺腺泡内动脉炎症反应表明,A组外膜面积炎性细胞总数为(33±6)个／mm2,B组为(158±68)个／mm2,C组为(54±7)个／mm2;A、B两组间及B、C两组间比较差异有统计学意义(t分别=9．6、9．2,P均<0．01);(2)肺腺泡内动脉病理图像分析显示,A组内膜面积/血管总面积为(21±4)％,B组为(37±3)％,C组为(30±1)％,B、C组与A组比较差异均有统计学意义(t分别=9．7、9．4,P均<0．01);(3)相关分析结果显示,肺腺泡内肌型动脉(MA)外膜炎性细胞总数与血管内膜厚度呈正相关(r=0．662,P<0．01)。结论CB组大鼠MA、非肌型动脉(NMA)和部分肌型动脉(PMA)存在以淋巴细胞为主的炎症反应,该炎症反应在肺血管重塑中起重要作用。EM对CB大鼠肺血管炎症及其重塑有较好的抑制作用。

An experimental study on pulmonary vascular inflammation in a rat model of chronic bronchitis and emphysema

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of intra-acinar pulmonary artery inflammation in rats with chronic bronchitis (CB) and emphysema and to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effects of erythromycin (EM). METHODS: Eighteen male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups randomly, 6 rats per group, a normal control group (group A), a CB and emphysema group (group B), and an EM-treatment group (group C). The rat model of CB and emphysema was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and daily exposure to cigarette smoke. After 8 weeks the pathological and morphometric changes in the lung were analyzed. RESULTS: (1) The inflammation in intra-acinar pulmonary arteries, described as total inflammatory cells per square millimeter of adventitia (cell/mm(2)), was different among the three groups, (33 +/- 6) cell/mm(2) in group A, (158 +/- 68) cell/mm(2) in group B, and (54 +/- 7) cell/mm(2) in group C; the difference being significant between group A and group B and between group B and group C (t = 9.6, 9.2, all P < 0.01). (2) The morphometric characteristics of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries: the thickness of intra-acinar pulmonary muscular arteries, described as intimal area per total area, was significantly different among the groups (t = 9.7, 9.4, all P < 0.01), (21 +/- 4)% in group A, (37 +/- 3)% in group B, and (30 +/- 1)% in group C. CONCLUSIONS: There was inflammatory reaction largely of lymphocyte infiltration in the adventitia of intra-acinar pulmonary arteries in rats with CB and emphysema. Inflammatory reaction in intra-acinar pulmonary arteries plays an important role in vascular remodeling. EM may prevent the inflammation and remodeling of intra-acinar pulmonary arteries to some degree.